植物吸滞PM_(2.5)研究进展——从宏观到微观  

Research progress on PM2.5 absorption by plants:from macro to micro

作　　者：房佳兴 李少宁[1,2,3] 赵娜 徐晓天 鲁绍伟 FANG Jiaxing;LI Shaoning;ZHAO Na;XU Xiaotian;LU Shaowei(Institute of Forestry and Pomology,Beijing of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station,National Forest and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100093,China;Forestry College of Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,北京100093 [2]国家林业和草原局北京燕山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京100093 [3]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第6期2632-2645,共14页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071834,32171844);北京市农林科学院创新能力建设(KJCX20230306)。

摘　　要：PM_(2.5)严重危害环境安全和人体健康,虽然国内外大气PM_(2.5)状况已有好转,但雾霾天气仍然时有发生。植物能有效吸附和净化大气中PM_(2.5),其净化作用受到生态学广泛关注。随着研究内容的深入,该领域研究尺度由宏观尺度转向微观尺度,研究对象由植被区转向植物个体,研究方法由野外监测转向人工控制法。因此在区域尺度上对比了植被、非植被区PM_(2.5)浓度差异及不同树种单位叶面积PM_(2.5)吸滞量,以风洞、熏气法两种研究方法归纳了人工控制条件下植物净化PM_(2.5)的研究成果,在大气PM_(2.5)浓度和气象因素两方面探讨了环境因素对植物净化PM_(2.5)的影响机制。得出宏观研究方面很多城市缺乏植被区与非植被区PM_(2.5)浓度监测数据,微观方面植物个体吸滞PM_(2.5)机理研究不够深入,缺乏植物吸滞PM_(2.5)过程与机理的室内模拟外界环境的高精度对比试验,更缺乏环境因素直接影响植物吸收、分配PM_(2.5)过程的研究。未来应加强植被区、非植被区PM_(2.5)动态特征研究,完善某些地区环境监测站点布局,可适当增加典型植被区对照的非植被区站点并提升站点设备可靠性;加强植物性状与其净化PM_(2.5)作用相关性的研究,并通过一次性熏气法量化植物在一次污染事件中对PM_(2.5)的实际净化作用,解析植物各器官对吸收PM_(2.5)的贡献率;增加不同环境因素影响植物吸滞PM_(2.5)能力与过程研究,可利用人工控制试验结合模型提高研究可靠性,揭示环境因素与植物各器官吸收、分配PM_(2.5)之间的耦合规律。The existence of PM_(2.5) poses significant threats to environmental safety and human health.Although there has been improvement in the atmospheric PM_(2.5) levels both domestically and internationally,occurrences of hazy weather still persist.The capability of plants to effectively adsorb and purify PM_(2.5) in the atmosphere has garnered considerable attention in ecological studies.In recent years,research in this field has shifted its focus from macro scale to micro scale,transitioning from vegetation areas to individual plant bodies,and from field monitoring to artificial control methods.In light of these developments,this study aims to compare the disparities in PM_(2.5) concentration between vegetated and non-vegetated regions on a regional scale.Moreover,it examines the PM_(2.5) retention per unit leaf area among different tree species.Two research methods,namely the wind tunnel method and the fumigation method,are employed to investigate the effects of environmental factors on plant-based PM_(2.5) purification,taking into account atmospheric PM_(2.5) concentration and meteorological factors.The findings reveal certain limitations in the current research landscape.Macro studies often lack comprehensive data on PM_(2.5) concentrations in vegetated and non-vegetated areas,while micro studies have yet to delve deep enough into the mechanisms underlying the absorption and retention of PM_(2.5) by individual plants.Additionally,there is a lack of high-precision indoor simulations that accurately replicate the external environmental conditions affecting the process and mechanisms of plant-based PM_(2.5) absorption and retention,as well as a dearth of research focusing on the direct influence of environmental factors on the absorption and distribution of PM_(2.5) by plants.In the future,it is crucial to strengthen the investigation of the dynamic characteristics of PM_(2.5) in vegetated and non-vegetated areas.This can be achieved through enhancing the distribution of environmental monitoring stations in specific

关 键 词：植物 PM_(2.5) 吸滞作用 人工控制条件 环境因素 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X513