精神分裂症临床特征及影响因素  

Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of schizophrenia

作　　者：赵来田 黄俊捷 刘肇瑞[2] 张婷婷[2] 王帅 陈燕 常乐 徐小红 储文革 黄悦勤[2] ZHAO Laitian;HUANG Junjie;LIU Zhaorui;ZHANG Tingting;WANG Shuai;CHEN Yan;CHANG Le;XU Xiaohong;CHU Wenge;HUANG Yueqin(Tongling Third People’s Hospital,Tongling 244000,China;Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of National Health and Wellness Committee,National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Mental Disorders,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]铜陵市第三人民医院,铜陵244000 [2]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室〔北京大学〕,国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心〔北京大学第六医院〕,北京100083

出　　处：《广西医科大学学报》2024年第3期328-336,共9页Journal of Guangxi Medical University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2017YFC0907800)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨精神分裂症临床特征及其相关影响因素。方法:采用方便取样的方式招募铜陵市某二级甲等精神专科医院的精神分裂症患者630例,采用简明国际神经精神访谈(MINI)、精神症状维度评定量表(CRDPSS)和阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)进行诊断和评估,采用SAS 9.4进行方差分析、Pearson相关分析和多重线性回归等对数据进行统计分析。结果:不同病程特征的精神分裂症患者的CRDPSS(F=22.46,P<0.01)和PANSS(F=7.99,P<0.01)得分差异有统计学意义,其中持续恶化型患者的CRDPSS总分[(11.88±4.16)分]和PANSS总分[(75.63±23.95)分]均为最高。年龄、性别、受教育水平、家庭人口数、腰臀比、婚姻状况、工作状态、吸烟量、首次诊断年龄、首次治疗年龄、总发作次数、总住院次数、停药次数、起病形式和病程特征等因素与CRDPSS量表和PANSS量表总分及各维度得分有不同程度的关联。结论:持续恶化型精神分裂症患者的临床症状严重程度更高,腰臀比、平均每天吸烟量、停药次数、总住院次数、慢性起病是精神分裂症患者症状严重的危险因素。Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and related influencing factors of schizophrenia.Methods:A total of 630 patients with schizophrenia in a Secondary Grade A psychiatric hospital in Tongling were recruited using convenience sampling method.Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(MINI),Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity(CRDPSS)and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)were used for diagnosis and assessment.Analysis of variance,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were conducted with SAS 9.4 software for statistical analysis.Results:Patients with schizophrenia who had different clinical characteristics showed variations in CRDPSS(F=22.46,P<0.01)and PANSS(F=7.99,P<0.01)total scores.Patients with persistent deterioration had the highest total CRDPSS score(11.88±4.16)and PANSS score(75.63±23.95).Factors including age,sex,education level,family size,waist-to-hip ratio,marital status,working status,smoking,age of first diagnosis,age of first treatment,total number of schizophrenia episodes,total number of hospitalizations,number of drug withdrawals,onset patterns and disease courses were associated with the total score of CRDPSS scale and PANSS scale,and with their every dimension score.Conclusion:Patients with schizophrenia with persistent deterioration have more severe symptoms.Waist-to-hip ratio,average daily cigarette smoking,number of drug withdrawals,total number of hospitalizations,and chronic onset are risk factors for severe symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 危险因素 简明国际神经精神访谈 精神症状维度评定量表 阳性与阴性症状量表 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]