矿区受损生态系统修复与碳汇潜力的文献计量研究  

A Bibliometric Study on the Restoration and Carbon Sink Potential of Damaged Ecosystem in Mining Area

作　　者：张宇昂 李亚桐 杜忠毓 祁新华[3] 侯红[4] 陈光才[2] ZHANG Yu-ang;LI Ya-tong;DU Zhong-yu;QI Xin-hua;HOU Hong;CHEN Guang-cai(Industry Development and Planning Institute,NFGA,Beijing 100010,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,Fujian,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局产业发展规划院,北京100010 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [3]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007 [4]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第2期144-155,共12页Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2020YFC1807704)。

摘　　要：[目的]矿业开采导致的受损生态系统因分布范围广、环境污染重、生态功能受损,严重威胁环境质量、生态安全和人民健康。在“双碳”目标背景下,矿区受损生态系统的修复是现阶段我国生态保护与修复的重点和难点之一。[方法]采用文献计量方法,针对2010—2022年间发表的914篇矿区生态修复相关文献进行分析,从矿区受损生态系统评价、生态修复技术、碳源/汇潜力及监测技术四个方面对矿区生态修复领域的研究进展进行了系统综述。[结果]矿区受损生态系统修复由“工程修复为主”向“系统生态修复”,由“条块化、分裂式”向“区域综合受损生态系统”转变;矿区碳源/汇与区域环境的碳循环机制研究逐渐深入;遥感等新兴技术手段的应用推动矿区修复监测评价体系的发展革新;法律法规和系统管控理念的完善、多学科的融合发展、“三生空间”的权衡博弈共同影响着退化矿区的修复效益。[结论]本研究明晰了当前矿区受损生态系统修复与碳汇潜力研究和应用的困境与挑战,展望后续研究的方向与可能,为未来矿区生态修复治理及监测评估提供参考。[Objective]Mining activities have a detrimental impact on the environment,both in China and globally,leading to pollution,ecosystem damage,and risks to human health.The restoration and remediation of damaged ecosystems in mining areas present significant challenges,particularly in the context of China’s commitment to carbon neutrality.[Method]This study analyzed 914 literature published between 2010 and 2022,focusing on four key aspects of ecological restoration in mining areas:evaluation of damaged ecosystems,ecological restoration technology,carbon source/sink potential,and monitoring technology.[Result]There had been a shift in the approach to restore damaged ecosystems in mining areas.Earlier emphasis on“engineering restoration”had given way to a more holistic approach known as“system ecological restoration”.There was a transition from solely addressing fragmented and isolated areas to considering the restoration of the entire regional ecosystem.Additionally,study on the carbon source/sink in mining areas and the carbon cycle mechanisms of the regional environment is progressing.The application of big data technologies,such as remote sensing,played a significant role in advancing monitoring and evaluation systems for mining rehabilitation.The effectiveness of restoration efforts in degraded mining areas was influenced by various factors including improvements in laws and regulations,system control systems,multi-disciplinary integration,and striking a balance between production and living ecology.[Conclusion]This study clarifies the current dilemmas and challenges in the research and application of damaged ecosystem restoration and carbon sequestration potential in mining areas and provides reference for future ecological restoration management and monitoring and evaluation in mining areas.

关 键 词：矿区 生态修复 评价 碳汇 监测 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]