不同饲粮能量水平对肉驴血浆与肌肉中氨基酸含量的影响  

Effects of different dietary energy level on amino acid composition in plasma and muscle tissue of meat donkey

作　　者：李丽 赵艳丽[1] 郭晓宇[1] 郭咏梅[1] 郑亚光[1] 周艳 闫素梅[1] 张勇伟 LI Li;ZHAO Yanli;GUO Xiaoyu;GUO Yongmei;ZHENG Yaguang;ZHOU Yan;YAN Sumei;ZHANG Yongwei(Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region/College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Grassland Yulu Science and Technology Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.Horinger 011500,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院/内蒙古自治区高校动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古草原御驴科技牧业有限公司,内蒙古和林格尔011500

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2024年第4期239-250,共12页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2018zdzx2018001)。

摘　　要：为探究饲粮能量水平对肉驴血浆及肌肉氨基酸含量的影响,本研究选用年龄为1岁、体重相近((150±25) kg)的德州肉驴(公)36头,分为低能量(LEG)、中能量(MEG)和高能量(HEG)3个组,采用舍饲育肥方式,分别饲喂消化能(以干物质计)为12.08、13.38和14.40 MJ/kg(育肥前期,1~45 d)、13.01、14.27和15.60 MJ/kg(育肥中期,46~90 d)以及13.54、14.93和16.23 MJ/kg(育肥后期,91~135 d)的饲粮。试验结束后,测定血清生化指标、血浆及背最长肌、臂三头肌、股二头肌以及臀肌中的氨基酸含量及肌肉中蛋白质含量。结果表明:1)不同饲粮能量水平间的肌肉蛋白质含量差异不显著(P>0.05);MEG血浆中功能性氨基酸(FAA)、呈味氨基酸(DAA)含量显著高于LEG和HEG(P<0.05),LEG血浆中FAA和DAA含量显著高于HEG(P<0.05)。2)MEG显著提高血浆和股二头肌中必需氨基酸(EAA)、支链氨基酸(BCAA)含量以及EAA/总氨基酸(TAA)、EAA/非必须氨基酸(NEAA)(P<0.05),显著降低了股二头肌中NEAA和DAA含量(P<0.05)。3)MEG的血清总蛋白含量显著高于LEG(P<0.05),但与HEG相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。MEG、HEG的血清葡萄糖和胆固醇含量极显著高于LEG(P<0.001),但MEG和HEG两组间无差异,尿素含量变化规律与之相反。HEG和LEG血清甘油三脂和游离脂肪酸含量显著高于MEG(P<0.05),HEG的甘油三酯含量显著高于LEG,游离脂肪酸含量显著低于LEG(P<0.05)。随着能量水平的增加,高密度脂蛋白含量显著增加(P<0.001)。综上,肉驴育肥前期、育肥中期以及育肥后期饲喂中能量水平的饲粮,可使肉驴肌肉的AA平衡性较好,肌肉的营养价值较高。本研究为通过营养调控提高肉驴的育肥性能和改善肉品质提供参考。In order to investigate the effect of dietary energy level on plasma and muscle AA content of meat donkeys,36 meat donkeys(males)aged 1 year with similar body weights(150±25 kg)were divided into three groups,low energy(LEG),medium energy(MEG),and high energy(HEG).12.08,13.38 and 14.40 MJ/kg(pre-fattening,1-45 d),13.01,14.27 and 15.60 MJ/kg(mid-fattening,46-90 d),and 13.54,14.93 and 16.23 MJ/kg(post-fattening,91-135 d),respectively.At the end of the experiment,serum biochemical indexes,plasma and amino acid content in the most longissimus dorsi,triceps brachii,biceps femoris,gluteal muscles and muscle protein content were determined.The results showed that:1)The differences in muscle protein content between different dietary energy levels were not significant(P>0.05).The contents of functional amino acids(FAA)and delicious amino acids(DAA)in plasma of MEG were significantly higher than those of LEG and HEG(P<0.05)in plasma and brceps femoris muscle,and the contents of FAA and DAA in plasma of LEG were significantly higher than those of HEG(P<0.05).2)MEG significantly increased the content of essential amino acid(EAA),branched chain amino acid(BCAA)content as well as EAA/total amino acid(TAA),EAA/non-essential amino acid(NEAA)(P<0.05)in plasma and biceps femoris muscle,and significantly decreased NEAA and DAA content in biceps femoris muscle(P<0.05).3)Total serum protein content of MEG was significantly higher than LEG(P<0.05),but the difference was not significant compared with HEG.Serum glucose and cholesterol content of MEG and HEG were significantly higher than LEG(P<0.001),but there was no difference between the two groups of MEG and HEG,and the change rule of urea content was opposite.Serum triglyceride and none-esterified fatty acid contents of HEG and LEG were significantly higher than those in MEG(P<0.05),the triglyceridecontent of HEG was significantly higher than LEG,and the none-esterified fatty acid content was significantly lower than LEG(P<0.05);With the increase of energy level,the content of high-

关 键 词：肉驴 能量水平 氨基酸 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]