填充物的力学性能对坐垫舒适性影响的仿真分析  

Simulation analysis of the influence of mechanical properties of fillers on cushion comfort

作　　者：肖珂莹 崔思怡 林少武 王雪琴[1,3] XIAO Keying;CUI Siyi;LIN Shaowu;WANG Xueqin(School of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Gujia Home Furnishing Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Tongxiang Institute,Jiaxing 314000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),杭州310018 [2]顾家家居股份有限公司,杭州310018 [3]浙江理工大学桐乡研究院,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2024年第4期21-28,共8页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22075252)。

摘　　要：将经编间隔织物和不同密度的海绵材料作为坐垫的填充物,通过分析坐垫上的人体体压分布情况,深入探讨坐垫的整体舒适度。首先,选择中密度海绵(28 kg/cm^(3))、高密度海绵(50 kg/cm^(3))及新型弹性材料经编间隔织物,分别对其进行力学性能实验。随后,采用有限元仿真法,对三种材料分别进行单轴压缩仿真,分析得出拟合度最高的本构模型;对经编间隔织物材料进行微元变形仿真,分析该材料变形量、压强、厚度三者关系的数学模型。最后,建立弹性坐垫和中国50百分位男性的人体臀部(软组织+骨骼)仿真复合模型,分析臀部与垫面的体压分布数据,并利用体压测试仪验证仿真数据的有效性。结果发现:仿真结果显示,中密度海绵、高密度海绵及经编间隔织物体压-应变拟合度最高的本构模型选低密度泡沫较合适;经过MATLAB进行二次多项式拟合可得出经编间隔织物的变形量、压强、厚度三者之间的数学模型;经编间隔织物弹性坐垫垫面的峰值比中密度海绵弹性坐垫垫面的体压峰值大,比高密度海绵弹性坐垫垫面的体压峰值小,整体垫面体压分布情况较海绵坐垫更均匀;体压测试仪验证仿真数据与实际测试数据小于5%,表明仿真实验可行。研究表明,经编间隔织物比海绵材料具有更好的支撑性和压力舒适性。这些实验结果以及虚实结合的方法可为未来弹性坐垫产品的材料选择及开发提供参考。Based on the background that the majority of the population spends more time in a seated position and the demand for cushion products is increasing,the selection of cushion products with a high level of comfort has become the focus of consumer attention.In this paper,for the 50 th percentile male representative group in China,three kinds of materials,namely warp-knitted spacer fabrics,sponges with a medium density of 28 kg/cm^(3),and sponges with a high density of 50 kg/cm^(3)were selected as the filler of cushion products to obtain three kinds of cushion materials.We explored the mechanical characteristics of the three types of materials and the methodology and effectiveness of finite element simulation,and established relevant material microelement models to assist design prediction.The results show that the intrinsic model with the highest compression-strain fit(99.24%)among sponges with a medium density of 28 kg/cm^(3),sponges with a high density of 50 kg/cm^(3)and warp-knitted spacer fabrics is LOW DENSITY FOAM.Meanwhile,the mathematical model of the relationship among deformation of warp-knitted spacer fabrics and the amount of compression force applied,as well as the thickness of the material was obtained by using the quadratic polynomial surface fitting of MATLAB.Subsequently,the process of contact between human body and three different cushion products in sitting posture was simulated by finite element simulation in ABAQUS software to analyze the comfort of the products according to the distribution of body pressure on the cushion surface,and the validity of the simulation experiments was verified by using a body pressure tester.It is found that the peak value of the elastic cushion surface of the warp-knitted spacer fabric is larger than that of the elastic cushion surface of sponges with a medium density of 28 kg/cm^(3),and smaller than that of the elastic cushion surface of sponges with a high density of 50 kg/cm^(3),and the distribution of the overall cushion surface is more homogeneous than that of

关 键 词：经编间隔织物 有限元 力学性能 本构模型 体压分布 微元变形 

分 类 号：TS195.644[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]