基于多阶排样方式的矩形件二维板材下料算法  

A two dimensional plate cutting stock algorithm for rectangular parts based on multi-order pattern

作　　者：潘卫平 PAN Weiping(College of Information Engineering,Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology,Haikou 571126,China)

机构地区：[1]海南科技职业大学信息工程学院,海口571126

出　　处：《自动化与仪器仪表》2024年第3期59-62,共4页Automation & Instrumentation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFB1705002)。

摘　　要：针对二维剪切下料的特点,提出一种基于多阶排样方式的优化算法。递归构造多阶排样方式,称若干行若干列同种矩形件按照相同方向排列在一起形成的排样方式为0阶排样方式,n(n为正整数)阶排样方式由两个n-1阶排样方式沿着水平方向或竖直方向拼合而成。设计多阶排样方式的递归生成算法,按照阶数从小到大顺序生成多阶排样方式。将列生成算法与多阶排样方式生成算法相结合得到下料方案,按照板材使用张数最少原则确定下料方案中每个排样方式的使用次数。将这里排样方式分别与文献中的匀质条带三块排样方式、双排多段排样方式、简单块占角排样方式和递归四块排样方式进行对比,实验计算结果表明,多阶排样方式的排样价值高于以上4种排样方式。进一步地,将该下料算法与文献下料算法进行对比,实验结果表明该下料算法可提高板材利用率。Aiming at the characteristics of two-dimensional guillotine cutting stock,an optimization algorithm based on multi order pattern was proposed.The pattern formed by arranging several rows and columns of the same type of rectangular parts in the same direction together was called the 0-order pattern.The n-order(n is a positive integer)pattern was formed by combining two n-1 order patterns along the horizontal or vertical direction.Construct a recursive generation algorithm for multi order pattern,generating them in descending order of order.Using a column generation algorithm to iteratively call the dynamic programming generation algorithm of multi order pattern,generate multi order pattern one by one to obtain the cutting plan.Determine the usage frequency of each pattern in the cutting plan based on the principle of minimizing the number of sheets used.The number of times each layout method is used in the cutting plan is determined based on the principle of minimizing the number of sheets used.Compared the pattern in this paper with the uniform strip three block pattern,double row and multi segment pattern,simple block corner-occupying,and recursive four block pattern in the literature.The experimental calculation results show that the pattern value of the multi order pattern was higher than the above four pattern.Furthermore,the cutting stock algorithm proposed in this paper was compared with the literature cutting stock algorithm.The experimental results showed that the cutting stock algorithm proposed in this paper can improve the utilization rate of sheet.

关 键 词：二维下料 下料算法 多阶排样方式 列生成 矩形件 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]