月面人机联合探测的人因学问题  

Human Factors in Human-machine Joint Exploration on Lunar Surface

作　　者：陈善广[1] 王春慧[1] CHEN Shanguang;WANG Chunhui(National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程全国重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《前瞻科技》2024年第1期22-33,共12页Science and Technology Foresight

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(T2192933)。

摘　　要：进入21世纪,载人月球探测再次成为世界航天大国的追逐热点。探测任务安全性要求更高、任务更加复杂而艰巨,充分发挥并综合利用人与机器各自优势开展人机联合探测已成为共识。文章首先分析了当前月球探测中自动化和智能化技术的应用现状,在此基础上对未来月面人机联合探测的任务特点进行分析,提出了适于人机联合探测的4种典型任务类别、影响人机协同效能发挥的5个方面的因素。面向未来的人机联合探测,文章深入分析了所面临的人因风险与挑战,并从研究布局、地面实施建设,以及标准和体系建设等方面提出了解决未来月面人机联合探测中人因问题的建议。Manned lunar exploration has once again become a hot pursuit among the international aerospace powers in the 21st century.The safety requirements for exploration missions are higher,and the missions are more complex and challenging.As a result,it has become a consensus to fully leverage and comprehensively utilize the respective advantages of humans and machines to carry out human-machine joint exploration.This paper reviews the current application status of automation and intelligence technologies in the field of lunar exploration.On this basis,the characteristics of future lunar human-machine joint exploration missions are analyzed.Four typical mission categories suitable for human-machine joint exploration are proposed,as well as five influencing factors that affect the effectiveness of human-machine cooperation.This paper also provides an in-depth analysis of the human factor risks and challenges in future human-machine joint exploration and proposes some suggestions for addressing human factor issues in future human-machine joint exploration on lunar surface from the perspectives of research program,ground facility construction,and relevant standard and system development.

关 键 词：载人月球探测 人机联合探测 人机协作 人因学 人-系统整合 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]