消费者维权行为和敲诈勒索罪的界限  

The Boundary Between Consumer Rights Protection Behavior and the Crime of Extortion

作　　者：高洁[1] GAO Jie(Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学,哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《经济研究导刊》2024年第6期137-140,共4页Economic Research Guide

摘　　要：随着社会经济快速发展,消费者权利保护意识不断增强。消费者在维权的过程中,若是过度维权,则很容易被评价为带有威胁、恐吓性质的敲诈勒索。敲诈勒索在我国《刑法》中规定了简单的罪状形式,导致实践中常出现同案不同判的现象。对此,理论上展开了激烈的讨论。主要包括,客观上主张权利手段是否存在威胁、恐吓、轻微暴力的行为,主观上以请求权是否存在事实依据或法律依据来判断行为人是否存在“非法占有目的”,以及消费者的索赔数额是否合法、合理等方面。综合这些因素,在分析时还要考虑相对方是否存在财产损失,这对区分过度维权和敲诈勒索具有重要意义。With the rapid development of the social economy,consumer awareness of protecting their rights is constantly increasing.If consumers excessively protect their rights during the process of safeguarding their rights,it is easy to be evaluated as threatening and intimidating extortion.Extortion has a simple form of charge in China’s Criminal Law,which often leads to the phenomenon of different judgments for the same case in practice.There has been a heated discussion in theory about this.This mainly includes objectively asserting whether there are acts of threat,intimidation,and mild violence in the means of claiming rights,subjectively judging whether the perpetrator has“illegal possession purposes”based on whether there is factual or legal basis for the right to request,and whether the amount of consumer claims is legal and reasonable.Taking into account these factors,it is also important to consider whether there is any property damage to the other party when analyzing,which is of great significance in distinguishing between excessive rights protection and extortion.

关 键 词：消费者 维权行为 敲诈勒索 权利保护 

分 类 号：DF59[政治法律—民商法学]