中国舞蹈艺术的审美文化观——内外部相融的舞蹈研究方法论探讨  

The Aesthetic and Cultural View of Chinese Dance Art--A Discussion on the Methodology of Dance Research with Internal and External Integration

作　　者：慕羽[1] Mu Yu

机构地区：[1]北京舞蹈学院人文学院,北京100081

出　　处：《南京艺术学院学报（音乐与表演版）》2024年第1期146-161,I0005,共17页Journal of Nanjing Arts Institute:Music & Performance

基　　金：《中国艺术学大系》课题组(中国艺术研究院基本科研项目2016-1-6)之“中国舞蹈艺术批评论纲”(暂名)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：舞蹈创作和批评研究既包括“生命体”身体意识和时空关系的内部规律探讨,也要阐释舞蹈与人类其他社会实践的外部规律联系,内外部结合的方法论很有意义。舞蹈分析与动作分析并非相同概念。舞蹈创作和研究从业者除了提升动作分析理论,还应密切关注新的编舞走向和跨学科的舞蹈研究趋势。20世纪八九十年代以来,西方舞蹈学者的舞蹈分析框架,融入了文化研究,揭示出仅作动作分析或内部研究的局限性;中国舞蹈学者的元素分析、形态分析也与舞蹈文化密切相关。在全球在地化和全媒体时代,作为一种方法论,舞蹈艺术的“审美文化观”将舞蹈创作到批评视为审美文化活动,承袭了古今中西文化汇通的中国美学、文学、理论界和舞蹈学的相关研究,自律论、他律论与通律论相辅相成,重视具体的真实的人本体,一方面强调侧重内部研究的“跨媒介性”视角,另一方面也倡导将内外部打通的“跨文化”观,尝试既在审美中看舞蹈文化,也在文化中看舞蹈审美,是一种具有“中国式现代化”路径的文艺观和方法论。“点线面体”充分融合的审美文化四面体图式,基于艾布拉姆斯“四要素”三角和格里斯沃尔德“文化菱形”理论基础,融入拉班动作分析四面体思路,并与中国人文社科学术界倡导多年的“审美文化”研究相通。The study of dance creation and criticism includes both the exploration of the internal laws of the body consciousness and spatiotemporal relationships of the"living body",as well as the explanation of the external laws and connections between dance and other human social practices.The methodology of combining internal and external aspects is very meaningful.Dance analysis and movement analysis are not the same concepts.In addition to improving the theory of movement analysis,choreographers and research practitioners should also closely monitor new choreography trends and interdisciplinary dance research trends.Since the 1980s and 1990s,the dance analysis framework of Western dance scholars has integrated cultural research,revealing the limitations of only analyzing movements or conducting internal research;The analysis of elements and forms by Chinese dance scholars is also closely related to dance culture.In the era of global localization and full media,as a methodology,the"aesthetic cultural view"of dance art regards choreography to criticism as an aesthetic cultural activity,inheriting the relevant research of Chinese aesthetics,literature,theoretical circles,and dance studies that integrate ancient and modern Chinese and Western cultures.Self discipline theory,heteronomy theory,and communication theory complement each other,emphasizing the concrete and real human body.On the one hand,it emphasizes the"cross media"perspective of internal research.On the other hand,it also advocates the"cross-cultural"view that connects the internal and external,trying to see dance culture in both aesthetics and culture.It is a literary and artistic outlook and methodology with a"Chinese-style modernization"path.

关 键 词：中国舞蹈创作 中国舞蹈批评 方法论 审美文化 四要素 四面体 

分 类 号：J701[艺术—舞蹈] J705