社区老年慢性病患者共病焦虑及抑郁症状的横断面研究  

A cross-sectional study of comorbidity anxiety and depression symptoms in elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community

作　　者：冯蕾 李诺 陈玲 周莉华[1] 马中锐[1] 赵正中 周贵[1] 吴颖敏[2] FENG Lei;LI Nuo;CHEN Ling(Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市第五人民医院,四川成都610000 [2]成都中医药大学管理学院

出　　处：《精神医学杂志》2023年第4期381-386,共6页Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：成都市科技局重大项目(编号:2021-YF09-00046-SN)。

摘　　要：目的运用计算机诊断系统开展老年慢性病合并焦虑抑郁症状的现状调查,以期了解老年人躯体疾病与心理健康现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法对某城市社区60岁以上的老年人运用计算机诊断系统开展老年慢性病、抑郁症和焦虑症筛查,分析老年慢性病合并抑郁和焦虑症状现状及影响因素。结果调研1200名老年人,有效问卷1116份。其中老年慢性病患者896例(80.29%),老年慢性病患者中抑郁和焦虑症状的检出率分别是3.1%和23.9%。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、婚姻状况、收入满意程度、自评健康状况、社会联系与支持、有无睡眠障碍、躯体疾病病种数量的抑郁症状检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别、婚姻状况、收入满意程度、自评健康状况、社会联系与支持、有无睡眠障碍、躯体疾病病种数量的焦虑症状检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。逐步回归分析结果显示,自评健康状况、社会联系与支持、疾病种数、有无睡眠障碍4个变量是老年慢性病患者合并抑郁症状的影响因素(P<0.05);自评健康状况、疾病种数、有无睡眠障碍3个变量是老年慢性病患者合并焦虑症状的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论社区老年慢性病患者合并焦虑症状的检出率高于抑郁症状的检出率,且都高于平均水平,提示老年慢性病管理需同时关注合并焦虑抑郁症状的心理问题,并针对以上影响因素进行早期干预和控制。Objective To investigate the status quo of chronic diseases comorbid with anxiety and depression symptoms in the elderly through computer diagnosis system,in order to explore the status quo and influencing factors of physical diseases and mental health of the elderly.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to screen chronic diseases,depression and anxiety among the elderly older than 60 years old in an urban community by computer diagnosis system,and the status quo and influencing factors of chronic diseases comorbid with depression and anxiety were analyzed.Results 1200 elderly people were investigated and 1116 valid questionnaires were collected.Among them,there were 896 elderly patients with chronic diseases(80.29%),and the positive detection rates of depression and anxiety were 3.1%and 23.9%,respectively.The univariate analysis showed that the elderly with different ages,marital statuses,satisfaction levels for income,self-rated health statuses,social connections and supports,amounts of physical diseases and whether having sleep disorder indicated different positive detection rates of depression(P<0.05);the elderly with different genders,marital statuses,satisfaction levels for income,self-rated health statuses,social connections and supports,amounts of physical diseases and whether having sleep disorder indicated different positive detection rates of anxiety(P<0.05).The stepwise regression analysis showed that self-rated health status,social connection and support,amount of physical diseases,and sleep disorder were the influencing factors of depressive symptoms in elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05);self-rated health status,amount of physical diseases and sleep disorder were the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of anxiety symptoms in elderly patients with chronic diseases in community is higher than that of depression symptoms,and both are higher than the average levels,suggesting that the manageme

关 键 词：计算机诊断系统 焦虑症 抑郁症 老年慢性病患者 LOGISTIC回归 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]