环保执法的创新补偿效应:来自企业绿色技术创新的证据  

The Innovation Compensation of Environmental Law Enforcement:Evidence from the Green Technology Innovation of Companies

作　　者：秦炳涛 刘依婷 林敢 Qin Bingtao;Liu Yiting;Lingan(School of Business,The University of Shanghai for Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学管理学院,200093

出　　处：《环境经济研究》2024年第1期60-84,共25页Journal of Environmental Economics

基　　金：上海市“科技创新行动计划”软科学研究青年项目“以制造业龙头企业驱动上海市产业链供应链协同创新的机理及实证研究”(23692121700)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：绿色技术创新成为推动经济高质量发展的关键引擎,环保执法作为一种“硬约束”,对企业绿色技术创新起到了重要作用。文章基于2010—2020年企业层面环保处罚数据和上市公司绿色专利数据,利用泊松回归方法,实证考察了环保执法对企业绿色技术创新的影响效应及其微观作用机制。研究发现,环保执法能够促进企业层面的绿色技术创新,这一结论在更换被解释变量、改变计量回归方法等一系列稳健性检验之后依然成立。机制分析表明,环保执法对企业绿色技术创新具有创新补偿效应,刺激企业增加绿色投资,促进企业进行绿色技术创新;长期来看,绿色投资是环保执法促进企业绿色技术创新稳定且持续的机制。环保执法对企业绿色技术创新具有成本效应,环保处罚会增加企业绿色费用,从而在一定程度上抑制企业绿色技术创新。异质性分析表明环保执法对国有企业和重污染企业绿色技术创新的影响更为显著,环保执法虽然促进了企业绿色专利数量的增加,但并没有促进企业的绿色专利质量的提高;相较于警告类和罚款类环保执法,没收查封停业类环保执法更能产生威慑作用,激励企业进行绿色技术创新。本文为理解绿色技术创新动因提供了新的视角,同时也为进一步完善环保执法体系和实现经济高质量发展提供了学理支持和决策参考。The innovation of green technologies has emerged as a pivotal catalyst for propelling high-quality eco-nomic development.Within this context,environmental law enforcement,characterized as a"hard constraint",raises the question of its potential efficacy in fostering corporate innovation in green technologies.Grounded in corpo-ratelevel environmental penalty data spanning the years 2010-2020 and green patent data from listed companies,the empirical investigation utilizes a Poisson regression model to scrutinize the impact of environmental law enforce-ment on corporate green technological innovation,along with its micro-level operative mechanisms.The research found that the environment law enforcement demonstrates a propensity to stimulate green technological innovation at the corporate level,a conclusion robustly upheld through a battery of sensitivity analyses involving the replacement of dependent variables and alterations in econometric regression methodologies.Mechanism analysis reveals that envi-ronmental law enforcement engenders an innovation compensation effect on corporate green technological innovation,acting as a stimulus for companies to augment green investments,thereby facilitating endeavors in green technological innovation.Over the long term,green investment emerges as a mechanism through which environmental law enforce-ment consistently and durably fosters corporate green technological innovation.Environmental law enforcement mani-fests a cost effect on corporate green technological innovation,as environmental penalties are found to escalate a com-pany's green expenditures,consequently exerting a moderating influence on the pursuit of green technological innova-tion.Heterogeneity analysis indicates a more pronounced impact of environmental law enforcement on green techno-logical innovation for state-owned enterprises and those entities associated with significant environmental pollution.Despite the observed stimulation in the quantity of corporate green patents,environmental law enforcement does no

关 键 词：环保执法 绿色投资 绿色费用 绿色技术创新 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F832.51[经济管理—国民经济] X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]