基于命名实体识别的施工限速命令关键信息提取及应用  

Research and Application of Key Information Extraction of Speed Restriction Commands for Construction Based on Named Entity Recognition

作　　者：曹文斌 赵飞 郭占清 CAO Wenbin;ZHAO Fei;GUO Zhanqing(Institute of Computing Technology,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁路》2024年第3期57-63,共7页China Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(P2022X013)。

摘　　要：调度命令是铁路运输调度指挥的核心,是对行车工作、作业方式和安全注意事项进行约束的必要手段。施工限速命令的内容是纯文本形式或半结构化形式,人工解析工作量大、效率低下,对命令进行信息整合和内容分析存在不足。构建BERT、BiLSTM和CRF模型,对施工限速命令的非结构化内容进行命名实体识别,提取命令内容的关键信息,实现命令的信息整合与分析。以施工限速命令中“邻线限速命令”为例对模型进行试验,在实体识别结果的基础上对限速命令内容进行分析,推算出列车限速的里程范围以及受影响的列车数量,可有效分析施工对邻线的影响程度。应用结果表明:基于BERT-BiLSTM-CRF模型的命名实体识别,为命令内容分析提供了强有力的数据支持,为铁路运输调度管理提供了指挥和决策辅助。Dispatching command stands out as the core of railway transport dispatching command.It is a vital means of restriction for train operation,operation mode,and safety precautions.The content of speed restriction commands for construction is in pure text or semi-structured form,resulting in a heavy workload of manual analysis and low efficiency.Information integration and content analysis are inadequate for commands.BERT,BiLSTM,and CRF models were created to conduct named entity recognition of the unstructured content of speed restriction commands for construction and extract key information on the command content to implement information integration and analysis of commands.The models were tested based on the“speed restriction command for the adjacent line”in speed restriction commands for construction.The content of the speed restriction command was analyzed on the basis of the entity recognition results.In addition,the mileage range of train speed restriction and the number of affected trains were calculated.In this way,the extent of the impact of construction on the adjacent line can be efficiently analyzed.The application results indicate that named entity recognition based on BERT-BiLSTM-CRF models provides powerful data support for command content analysis,thus assisting in command and decision-making for railway transport dispatching management.

关 键 词：调度命令 施工限速命令 命名实体识别 BERT-BiLSTM-CRF模型 关键信息提取 

分 类 号：U292[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]