一株甲苯高效降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性  

Isolation,identification and characterization of a toluene-degrading bacterium

作　　者：吴欢 林小英 郭涛 牛佳 张迪迪 WU Huan;LIN Xiaoying;GUO Tao;NIU Jia;ZHANG Didi(College of Eco-Environment and Urban Construction,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China)

机构地区：[1]福建工程学院生态环境与城市建设学院,福州350118

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2024年第2期63-66,84,共5页Journal of Biology

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2022Y0041);福建省科技计划项目(2020Y0055);福建工程学院科研发展基金项目(GY-Z22068)。

摘　　要：为解决甲苯排放造成的环境污染问题,从家具厂附近的土壤中筛选出一株能以甲苯为单一碳源的降解菌,经形态特征和16S rDNA分析,鉴定为假单胞菌属,命名为Pseudomonas sp. M1。通过单因素实验对菌株的生长条件进行优化,并在最适生长条件下考察菌株对不同底物利用的广谱性和表面活性剂对菌株生长降解的影响。结果表明,菌株M1对甲苯有较强的耐受性,在30℃、pH 7.0、甲苯质量浓度200 mg/L的条件下,3 d后降解率达到63.03%。除甲苯外,M1还能以苯、乙醇为碳源和能源,在苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯的复合污染物下,依然可以保持一定的生长量。非离子表面活性剂TritonX-100具有适度的可生物降解性,对甲苯降解的促进效果最好,在100 mg/L甲苯质量浓度下,添加0.5倍临界胶束浓度的TritonX-100后甲苯降解率为93.35%。To solve the environmental pollution problem caused by toluene emission,a bacterial strain that can use toluene as a single carbon source was screened from the soil near a furniture factory and identified as Pseudomonas sp.M1 by morphological characterization and 16S rDNA analysis.The growth conditions of the strain were optimized by single-factor experiments,and the strain was examined under optimal growth conditions for its ability to utilize different substrates.The growth conditions were optimized by single-factor experiments,and the effects of organic matter utilization and surfactant on the growth and degradation of the strain were investigated under optimal growth conditions.The results showed that strain M1 had strong tolerance to toluene,and the degradation rate reached 63.03%after 3 d at 30℃,pH 7.0 and toluene mass concentration of 200 mg/L.In addition to toluene,M1 can also use benzene and ethanol as carbon source and energy source,and can still maintain a certain amount of growth under the combined pollutants of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene.The nonionic surfactant TritonX-100 is moderately biodegradable and has the best promotion effect on toluene degradation by strain.At 100 mg/L toluene mass concentration,the toluene degradation rate was 93.35%after the addition of TritonX-100 with 0.5 CMC.

关 键 词：甲苯 假单胞菌 分离鉴定 降解特性 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：Q939.112[生物学—微生物学] X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]