2020-2022年海南省诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发疫情分子流行特征分析  

The molecular epidemiological characteristics of the gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by norovirusin Hainan Province,2020-2022

作　　者：曾云婷 陈海云[1] 李丹丹[1] 杨艳辉 靳淼[2] 黄琼[3] 崔蕾 潘正帆[1] 任莉娜 遇晓杰 Zeng Yunting;Chen Haiyun;Li Dandan;Yang Yanhui;Jin Miao;Huang Qiong;Cui Lei;Pan Zhengfan;Ren Lina;Yu Xiaojie(Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou 570203;National Institute For Viral Disease Control and Prevention,China CDC,Beijin 100052;Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 511430)

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海口570203 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京100052 [3]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广州511430

出　　处：《安徽医科大学学报》2024年第2期336-343,共8页Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(编号:2019B111103001)。

摘　　要：目的 了解海南省2020—2022年诺如病毒暴疫情分子流行特征及诺如病毒流行株基因组进化情况。方法 收集2020年1月至2022年12月诺如病毒暴发信息及标本,应用实时荧光反转录聚合酶链式反应对样本进行诺如病毒检测,阳性样本通过RT-PCR扩增、测序和序列分析;对其中8株诺如病毒毒株进行基因组扩增和序列分析。结果 2020年1月至2022年12月,共报告胃肠炎暴发39起,通过检测确定诺如病毒引起的暴发共25起,主要发生在托幼机构和学校(20/25,80%)。诺如病毒暴发主要集中在海口周围县(东北部),包括定安(5起)、文昌(4起)、澄迈(4起)和临高(3起);其次集中在中西部,包括白沙(2起)、乐东(2起)和东方(3起);东南部万宁1起。2~17岁诺如病毒阳性构成比男性高于女性,大于55岁年龄组诺如病毒阳性构成比女性高于男性,18~40岁阳性检出性别与职业相关。根据RT-PCR分型及测序,13起诺如病毒暴发获得分型结果,均为GⅡ组诺如病毒,检出4种基因型,GⅡ.2[P16]为主要流行株,占60%(9/13),其他3种基因型为GII.4 Sydney[P31](15.4%,2/13)和GⅡ.4 Sydney[P16](7.7%,1/13)和GII.3[P12](7.7%,1/13)。进一步对8株诺如病毒基因组分析,仍与先前毒株处于同一份分支,且均出现一定数量氨基酸变异。结论 诺如病毒是引起海南地区胃肠炎暴发的主要病原,GⅡ.2[P16]为主要流行株。持续开展及加强该项监测为海南地区诺如病毒暴发疫情的防控提供科学依据。Objective To understand the molecular epidemiological characteristics of Norovirus outbreaks and the genome evolution of Norovirus epidemic strains in Hainan Province from 2020 to 2022.Methods The information and samples have been collected from the norovirus outbreaks from 2020 to 2022.Norovirus was detected by using the real-time PCR in these samples,then the detected sequences were amplified the analyzed.The Norovirus sequences of 8 strains had been amplified and analyzed.Results From 2020 to 2022,39 gastroenteritis outbreaks were reported,and 25 outbreaks caused by Norovirus which mainly occurred in childcare institutions and schools(20/25,80%).The Norovirus outbreaks were mainly concentrated in counties around Haikou(northeast),which including Ding′an(5 cases),Wenchang(4 cases),Chengmai(4 cases),and Lingao(3 cases);following by western regions which included Baisha(2 cases),Ledong(2 cases),and Dongfang(3 cases).1 case was in Wanning in the southeast.Among individuals aged 2-17,the positive proportion of Norovirus in males was higher than that in females.Among individuals aged over 55,the proportion of Norovirus positive in females was higher than that in males.The gender of positive samples among individuals aged 18-40 was related to their profession.According to RT-PCR typing and sequencing,GII group Norovirus were classified in13 outbreaks.There were 4 genotypes detected.GII.2 [P16] was the main epidemic strain with 60%(9/13),and the other three genotypes were GII.4 Sydney [P31](15.4%,2/13) GII.4 Sydney [P16](7.7%,1/13) and GII.3 [P12](7.7%,1/13).Further genic analysis of 8 Norovirus strains showed that all of them were still in the same branch as the previous strain,and all exhibited a certain amount of amino acid variation.Conclusion Norovirus is the main pathogen of gastroenteritis outbreaks in Hainan province,and the main epidemic strain is GII.2 [P16].It is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring that provides scientific evidence for the prevention and control of norovirus outbreaks in Ha

关 键 词：诺如病毒 暴发监测 基因型 基因组分析 

分 类 号：R183.4[医药卫生—流行病学]