全站仪气象改正公式优化研究  

Optimization of Meteorological Correction Formula of Total Station

作　　者：刘晓东 缪东晶[2] 姚燕 王长云 王德利 李连福[2] 刘洋[2] 蔡晋辉 李建双[2] LIU Xiaodong;MIAO Dongjing;YAO Yan;WANG Changyun;WANG Deli;LI Lianfu;LIU Yang;CAI Jinhui;LI Jianshuang(Collage of Metrology&Measurement Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China;National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China;Weifang Metrology and Testing Institute,Weifang,Shandong 261061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学计量测试工程学院,浙江杭州310000 [2]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029 [3]潍坊市计量测试所,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《计量学报》2024年第3期386-394,共9页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFF0600305)。

摘　　要：为了提高全站仪长距离测距精度,提出一种全站仪气象改正公式的优化方法。对气象改正公式进行了分析,发现存在一定误差和优化的空间。为了降低改正公式引起的残余误差,以最小化残余误差之和为优化目标,将气象公式系数调整转化为最优化问题。借助野外长基线上部署的密集环境参数传感器阵列,实时记录全站仪长时间连续测距时的环境参数;利用测距数据构造优化函数,对改正公式系数的不同组合进行优化调整和验证,实验数据分析结果表明:优化后,测距误差均值可减小99.8%,误差的标准偏差减小81.2%。为验证所提出方法的有效性,将优化系数后的改正公式应用于其他测量时间段的测距补偿,结果显示,残余误差也同样得到有效降低,优化幅度达到37%以上。表明气象改正公式系数优化是显著降低野外测距误差的有效方法。To improve the long-distance distance measurement accuracy of the total station,an optimization method for the meteorological correction formula of the total station is proposed.After analyzing the meteorological correction formula,it was found that there is some error and there is room for optimization.In order to reduce the residual error caused by the correction formula and minimize the sum of residual errors as the optimization objective,the adjustment of meteorological formula coefficients is transformed into an optimization problem.By utilizing a dense array of environmental parameter sensors deployed on the long baseline in the field,real-time recording of environmental parameters during long-term continuous ranging of the total station is carried out for easy retrieval;Using ranging data to construct optimization functions,different combinations of meteorological transformation formula coefficients are optimized,adjusted and validated.The experimental data analysis results show that after optimization,the mean ranging error can be reduced by 99.8%,and the standard deviation of error can be reduced by 81.2%;To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,the optimized coefficient correction formula is applied to distance compensation in other measurement time periods.The results show that the residual error is also effectively reduced,with an optimization amplitude of over 37%.The optimization of meteorological correction formula coefficients is an effective method to significantly reduce field ranging errors.

关 键 词：几何量计量 标准基线 全站仪 长距离测量 气象改正公式 最优化算法 

分 类 号：TB92[一般工业技术—计量学]