基于物性结构的汉语学习者名词短语习得研究  

The acquisition of noun phrases by Chinese as a second language learners based on qualia structure

作　　者：朱周晔 熊文新 ZHU Zhouye;XIONG Wenxin

机构地区：[1]北京大学对外汉语教育学院 [2]北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2024年第2期259-273,共15页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：教育部语合中心2022年国际中文教育研究课题重点项目(22YH39B);北京外国语大学一流学科建设数据库建设项目(YY19SSK05)的支持和资助。

摘　　要：本文以物性结构理论为指导,以初级、中级和高级三个水平共405篇汉语学习者作文和135篇汉语本族语者作文为语料,通过分析名词与修饰语之间的物性关系来考察汉语学习者名词短语的习得表现。研究发现:(1)名词修饰语中单个物性角色有8种类型,以构成、单位、评价为主;多个物性角色组合有72种类型,两个物性角色组合占优势地位,高频组合有单位+评价、单位+构成、构成+构成等;(2)名词短语内部物性关系的产出呈现非线性发展路径,二语学习者的表现与本族语者有明显差距。研究结果对于揭示二语名词习得规律、丰富生成词库理论的应用场域、提升国际中文教学实践具有积极意义。This paper investigates the acquisition of noun phrases by analyzing the qualia relations between premodifiers and nouns based on qualia structure.The sample data consist of 405 essays written by Chinese as a second language(L2)learners at three proficiency levels and 135 essays produced by Chinese native speakers.The results are as follows:(1)There were 8 types of single qualia roles in the premodifiers,with Constitutive,Unit and Evaluation in the majority;there were 72 types of multiple qualia roles,with two-role combinations in the majority;high-frequency combinations were Unit+Evaluation,Unit+Constitutive,Constitutive+Constitutive,etc.(2)The qualia relations between premodifiers and nouns showed a non-linear developmental pattern and L2 learners did not approach native-like performance.These findings have important implications for further unveiling the laws of L2 noun acquisition,enriching the application of the Generative Lexicon Theory,and improving Chinese L2 teaching practices.

关 键 词：生成词库理论 物性关系 名词短语 二语习得 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]