社会规范和权力感对3-8岁儿童基于资源价值的分配行为的影响  

The Influence of Social Norms and Sense of Power on the Distribution Behavior Based on Resource Value in 3-to 8-year-old Children

作　　者：宋子平 罗英 余华萍 朱思颖 康春燕 牛玉柏[1] SONG Zi-ping;LUO Ying;YU Hua-ping;ZHU Si-ying;KANG Chun-yan;NIU Yu-bai(Department of Psychology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Normal University Preschool Education Group Qiantang International Kindergarten,Hangzhou 310012,China;Hangzhou No.10 Middle School in Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310003,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学心理学系,杭州310018 [2]杭州市钱塘区浙师大幼教集团钱塘幼儿园,杭州310012 [3]浙江省杭州第十中学,杭州310003

出　　处：《人类工效学》2024年第1期52-59,共8页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

摘　　要：目的 探究社会规范和权力感对3-8 岁儿童基于资源价值的分配行为的影响.方法 采用改编的玩具分配任务和博弈任务范式,对405 名3-8 岁儿童进行测试.结果 (1)随着年龄增长,3-8 岁儿童基于资源价值的公平和利他分配逐渐增多,也更加慷慨.(2)高权力感的3-8 岁儿童会优先考虑自己的利益,低权力感的3-8 岁儿童会使自己的行为符合他人及环境要求.(3)命令性规范可能是影响 3-8 岁儿童基于资源价值的利他分配和慷慨行为的首要因素.结论 社会规范和权力感能够对3-8 岁儿童基于资源价值的分配行为产生影响,社会规范有助于培养儿童的公平感及慷慨行为.Objective The study attempts to explore the impact of social norms and sense of power on the distribution behavior of children aged 3 to 8 based on resource value.Methods The adapted toy assignment task and game task paradigm were used to test 405 children aged 3 to 8 years.Results(1)The fair and altruistic distribution of 3-to 8-year-old children based on the value of resources gradually increases and becomes more generous with age.(2)Children aged 3-8 years with high sense of power would prioritize their own interests,while children aged 3-8 years with low sense of power would conform their behavior to the requirements of others and the environment.(3)Injunctive norms may be the primary factor influencing the altruistic allocation and generous behavior of children aged 3-8 years based on resource value.Conclusion Social norms and sense of power can influence the distribution behavior of children aged 3 to 8 based on resource value,and social norms can help cultivate children's sense of fairness and generosity.

关 键 词：组织行为 资源分配 儿童 社会规范 权力感 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]