军需物资到民间面食——小麦在两汉的转变  

Army Supplies and Everyday Food:The Changing Role of Wheat in Han

作　　者：徐定懿 XU Dingyi

机构地区：[1]《中国农史》,210095

出　　处：《史林》2024年第1期118-129,219,共13页Historical Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“明清以来长三角地区生态环境变迁与特色农业发展研究”(项目批准号:21&ZD225)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：虽然小麦在西汉后期得到大规模普及,且东汉延续了西汉普及的态势,但影响普及的具体因素在两汉并不完全相同。通过文献记载和汉简的解读可以发现,小麦在西汉的普及有一个强大的关联因素,即汉王朝与匈奴的长期战争带来的西北边关大规模驻军及大规模的官营养马。小麦作为马的饲料来源之一,兼具军队干粮属性,其军事需求被政府高度重视并促使推广种植。而东汉时期,中央政府对西北的军事对抗减弱,马政衰落,小麦作为军需物资的属性减弱,但其更多地被制作为面食出现在民间日用饮食中,完成了从军需物资到民间面食的转变。The present paper,digging into written and unearthed literature revealing wheat's changing role in the Former and Later Han dynasties,illuminates that the popularity of wheat in the Former Han should be attributed to the importance attached by the central government having a long border war with Xiongnu tribe to wheat,which could be used to feed both warhorses and soldiers,and that wheat turned into an everyday food due to the fact that the war against Xiongnu had subsided in the Later Han.

关 键 词：两汉 小麦 普及 军需物资 民间面食 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]