哺乳母猪饲粮中添加鱼油对母猪泌乳性能的影响  

Effect of fish oil supplementation in lactating sow diet on lactation performance

作　　者：杨俊 赵小刚 张桂红[2] 郭吉余 YANG Jun;ZHAO Xiao-gang;ZHANG Gui-hong;GUO Ji-yu

机构地区：[1]广东海大集团股份有限公司,广东广州511400 [2]华南农业大学兽医学院,广东广州510642 [3]广东省养猪与猪病防控技术企业重点实验室,广东广州511400

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第5期26-31,共6页Feed Research

摘　　要：试验研究鱼油对母猪泌乳性能和哺乳仔猪生长性能的影响。试验选用56头妊娠后期(107 d)健康的母猪,随机分成4组,每组14个重复,每个重复1头母猪。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕基础饲粮+2.0%豆油,试验组饲粮分别添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%鱼油。试验周期为妊娠107 d至产后18 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,添加2.0%鱼油可显著提高仔猪平均断奶重及哺乳期间仔猪平均日增重(P<0.05),但对母猪哺乳期采食量、背膘损失、断奶发情间隔及仔猪哺乳期间成活率无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1.0%或2.0%鱼油改变了乳汁中脂肪酸组成,显著提高了初乳中C22∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3和常乳中C20∶5n-3、C22∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3含量(P<0.05),提高了乳汁中n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)比例。与对照组相比,添加2.0%鱼油显著提高了母猪初乳中免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、免疫球蛋白M (IgM)含量及仔猪血浆中IgG和IgM含量(P<0.05),显著降低了仔猪血浆中炎症因子白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)含量(P<0.05)。研究表明,母猪饲粮中添加2.0%鱼油提高了母猪乳汁中n-3 PUFA和免疫球蛋白含量,并通过增强仔猪免疫能力缓解炎症反应,从而提高仔猪哺乳期生长性能。The experiment studied the effect of fish oil on lactation performance and growth performance of suckling piglets.In this study,a total of 56 healthy sows in the late gestation period(107 days) were randomly divided into four groups with 14 replicates in each group and one sow per replicate.The control group was fed with corn-soybean meal basic diet + 2.0% soybean oil,and the experimental groups were supplemented with 0.5%,1.0%,and 2.0% fish oil,respectively.The test period ranged from 107 days of gestation to 18 days postpartum.The results showed that compared with the control group,the addition of 2.0% fish oil significantly increased the average weaning weight of piglets and the average daily gain of piglets during lactation(P<0.05),but had no significant effect on feed intake,backfat loss,weaning estrus interval and survival rate of piglets during lactation(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the addition of 1.0% or 2.0% fish oil to the diet changed the fatty acid composition of the milk,the content of C22∶5n-3 and C22∶6n-3in colostrum and C20∶ 5n-3,C22∶ 5n-3,and C22∶ 6n-3 in normal milk significantly increased(P<0.05),and the proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFA) in milk was increased.Compared with the control group,the addition of 2.0% fish oil significantly increased the content of immunoglobulin G(IgG) and immunoglobulin M(IgM) in colostrum and IgG and IgM in the plasma of piglets(P<0.05),and significantly increased the content of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the plasma of piglets(P<0.05).The study indicates that the addition of 2.0% fish oil to the sow's diet increases the n-3 PUFA and immunoglobulin content in the sow's milk,and improves the lactation growth performance of piglets by enhancing the piglet's immunity and alleviating the inflammatory response.

关 键 词：母猪 鱼油 泌乳性能 仔猪 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]