2020年天津市苯作业工人血象异常情况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on abnormal hemogram and influencing factors of benzene exposed workers in Tianjin in 2020

作　　者：张金月 娄贺仁 李培[2] 高雅 曾强[2] 王欣[1,2] ZHANG Jinyue;LOU Heren;LI Pei;GAO Ya;ZENG Qiang;WANG Xin(School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin,300070,China;Institute of Occupational Health,Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin,300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院,天津300070 [2]天津市疾病预防控制中心职业健康研究所,天津300011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第3期316-319,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：天津市医学重点建设学科(TJYXZDXK-066B);天津市卫生健康科技项目(KJ20186)。

摘　　要：目的分析天津市苯作业工人健康状况,为制定本市职业病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集2020年天津市职业健康监护资料,选择10658名苯作业在岗工人作为暴露组,采用配对的方法选择10658名非苯作业工人作为对照组,收集年龄、工龄、性别、企业经济类型、企业规模、行业分类、用人单位所属地区等信息。采用单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析苯暴露工人基本信息、职业史、企业信息与工人血象异常的关系。结果苯暴露组工人血象异常率为3.26%,高于对照组工人的2.38%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.809,P<0.01)。单因素logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=2.79,95%CI:2.25~3.47,P<0.01)、高工龄(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.03~1.05,P<0.01)、用人单位所属地区为郊区的企业(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.12~1.97,P<0.01)的苯作业工人血象异常的风险较高。多因素logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=3.01,95%CI:2.41~3.77,P<0.01)、高工龄(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.07~1.11,P<0.01)、低年龄(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.93~0.96,P<0.01)、微型企业(OR=2.18,95%CI:1.13~4.17,P<0.05)、小型企业(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.17~2.37,P<0.01)、用人单位所属地区为郊区的企业(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.09~1.95,P<0.05)的苯作业工人血象异常的风险较高。结论天津市应重点关注女性、高工龄组苯作业工人血象异常情况,加强对低年龄组苯作业工人的健康宣传教育。重点关注微、小型企业及用人单位所属地区为郊区的企业的监督管理,定期开展苯作业工人职业健康检查,保护苯作业工人的健康。Objective To analyze the health status of benzene exposed workers in Tianjin,provide a scientific basis for the development of preventive and control measures for occupational diseases in the city.Methods The information on occupational health surveillance in Tianjin in 2020 were collected,10658 workers working in benzene operations were selected as the exposed group,and 10658 workers working in non-benzene operations were selected as the control group by the matching method.The data on age,length of service,gender,economic type of enterprise,enterprise size,industry classification,and region to which the employer belongs were collected.The univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between basic information,occupational history,enterprise information of benzene exposed workers and workers'abnormal hemogram.Results The rate of abnormal hemogram in the benzene exposed group was 3.26%,which was higher than that in the control group(2.38%),with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=14.809,P<0.01).The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that benzene exposed workers who are female(OR=2.79,95%CI:2.25-3.47,P<0.01),long working age(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.03-1.05,P<0.01),and enterprises whose employer's region was suburban(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.12-1.97,P<0.01)had the higher risk of abnormal hemogram.The multivariate unconditional logistic regression showed that benzene exposed workers who are female(OR=3.01,95%CI:2.41-3.77,P<0.01),long working age(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.07-1.11,P<0.01),young age(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.93-0.96,P<0.01),micro-enterprises(OR=2.18,95%CI:1.13-4.17,P<0.05),small enterprises(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.17-2.37,P<0.01),and enterprises whose employer's area was suburban(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.09-1.95,P<0.05)had the higher risk of abnormal hemogram.Conclusion In Tianjin,it is necessary to focus on the abnormal hemogram of benzene-exposed workers of female and high working age group,strengthen the health promotion and education in the lower age group,pay attention to the

关 键 词：苯 职业健康检查 血细胞 

分 类 号：R[医药卫生]