全国29省215家医院护士职业生活质量与自我同情的关系研究  

Study on relationships between nurses'professional life quality and self-compassion in 215 hospitals of 29 provinces in China

作　　者：吴文静 惠沼沼 侯芳 张振香[3] 王明旭[1] WU Wenjing;HUI Zhaozhao;HOU Fang;ZHANG Zhenxiang;WANG Mingxu(School of Public Health,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710049,China;Department of Neonatology,Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital,Xi'an Shaanxi,710018,China;College of Nursing and Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan,450001,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共卫生学院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安国际医学中心新生儿科,陕西西安710018 [3]郑州大学护理与健康学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第3期352-357,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家社科基金高校思政课研究项目(21YSZ084)。

摘　　要：目的调查全国29省215家共12316名护士职业生活质量现状和影响因素,分析职业生活质量和自我同情的关系,为提高护士职业生活质量提供参考依据。方法2022年1—3月,采用便利抽样法,运用一般资料调查表、职业生活质量量表、自我同情量表-简表,对全国29个省215家医院共12316名护士进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果12316名护士共情满足得分为(32.05±6.33)分,职业倦怠得分为(27.46±4.69)分,继发创伤得分为(28.81±6.50)分,处于中重度共情满足水平的护士占78.6%,职业倦怠和继发创伤中重度水平分别占77.5%、71.5%。共情满足与自我同情呈正相关(r=0.266,P<0.01),共情疲劳(职业倦怠和继发创伤)与自我同情呈负相关(r=-0.458、-0.227,均P<0.01)。职称、职务、工作年限和自我同情均是护士共情满足的影响因素(均P<0.05);职称、职务、学历、年龄和自我同情均是护士职业倦怠的影响因素(均P<0.05);职称、职务、学历和自我同情均是护士继发性创伤的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论全国29省215家医院共12316名护士共情满足以中高度为主,共情疲劳以中重度为主。低职称、职务、学历和年轻、工作经验少的的护理人群需要重点关注。同时,可通过提高护士自我同情水平来提高共情满足,降低共情疲劳。Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of nurses'professional life quality in 215 hospitals of 29 provinces in China,analyze the relationships between professional life quality and self-compassion,therefore providing scientific basis for improving nurses'professional life quality.Methods By the convenience sampling method,a total of 12316 nurses from 215 hospitals in 29 provinces were investigated with the general information questionnaire,professional life quality scale and selfcompassion scale-short form from January to March in 2022,and the data were analyzed.Results The scores of empathy satisfaction,job burnout and secondary trauma in 12316 nurses were(32.05±6.33),(27.46±4.69)and(28.81±6.50)points,respectively.78.6%of nurses had moderate and high compassion satisfaction,77.5%of nurses had moderate and severe burnout and 71.5%of nurses had moderate and severe secondary traumatic stress.The compassion satisfaction was positively correlated with self-compassion(r=0.266,P<0.01),while the compassion fatigue(job burnout and secondary traumatic stress)was negatively correlated with self-compassion(r=-0.458,-2.227,both P<0.01).The professional title,position,working years and self-compassion were the influencing factor of empathy satisfaction in nurses(all P<0.05).The professional title,position,education background,age and self-compassion were the influencing factor of job burnout in nurses(all P<0.05).The professional title,position,education background,and selfcompassion were the influencing factor of secondary trauma in nurses(all P<0.05).Conclusions Totally 12316 nurses from 215 hospitals in 29 provinces mainly have moderate and high empathy satisfaction,as well as moderate and severe empathy fatigue.It is necessary to pay attention to the nursing population with low professional title,position,educational background and young age,less work experience.At the same time,the empathy satisfaction can be improved by increasing the level of self compassion among nurses,so as to reduce the

关 键 词：护士 职业生活质量 自我同情 共情疲劳 共情满意 影响因素 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]