鞘氨醇单胞菌与枯草芽孢杆菌对油品降解条件的优化  

Optimization of Oil Degradation Conditions by Sphingosinomonas and Bacillus subtilis

作　　者：张杰 姚依妮 王琦 章超 赵亚运 沈飚 何明 郑蔚涛 ZHANG Jie;YAO Yi-Ni;WANG Qi;ZHANG Chao;ZHAO Ya-Yun;SHEN Biao;HE Ming;ZHENG Wei-Tao(Huzhou Customs Technical Centre,Huzhou 313000;Zhoushan Customs Technical Centre,Zhoushan 316000;Huzhou Customs,Huzhou 313000;Ningbo Customs Technical Centre,Ningbo 315000)

机构地区：[1]湖州海关综合技术服务部,湖州313000 [2]舟山海关综合技术服务中心,舟山316000 [3]湖州海关,湖州313000 [4]宁波海关综合技术服务中心,宁波315000

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2024年第3期91-96,共6页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：舟山市科技计划项目(2019C31046)。

摘　　要：石油烃污染持续时间长、去除难度大,如何优化石油成分的降解条件,有效去除石油烃污染日益受到国内外重视。鞘氨醇单胞菌的细胞外膜中不含脂多糖,但是却含有一种鞘糖脂,它所形成的疏水表面更有利于细胞摄取胞外物质。本实验选择易被微生物所降解的柴油作为碳源,设计实验对多噬香鞘氨醇单胞菌降解柴油的温度、振荡器转速、pH、石油污染物浓度、投菌量、表面活性剂等条件进行优化。实验结果显示,多噬香鞘氨醇单胞菌在柴油浓度0.1 g/L,35℃,pH=7.2,转速为220 r/min^(-1)时降解效果较好。实验还针对枯草芽孢杆菌能分泌表面活性剂的特点,分析鞘氨醇单胞菌与枯草芽孢杆菌共同降解的可行性,包括以生物炭为载体来防止细菌的相互干扰,以期在后续实验中提高降解效率。Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution has been widely concerned because of its long duration and difficulty in pollution removal.How to optimize the degradation conditions of petroleum components and effectively remove petroleum hydrocarbon pollution has been paid increasing attention at home and abroad.The outer membrane of Sphingosinomonas does not contain Lipopolysaccharides,but it does contain a Glycosphingolipid that forms a hydrophobic surface,which is more conducive to the uptake of extracellular substances.In this experiment,diesel fuel that is easily degraded by microorganisms was selected as the carbon source,and the temperature,oscillator speed,pH,concentration of petroleum pollutants,amount of bacteria,surfactant and other conditions were optimized for the degradation of diesel by Sphingomonas polyaromaticivorans.The experimental results showed that the degradation effect of Sphingomonas polyaromaticivorans was better when the concentration of diesel fuel was 0.1 g/L,35℃,pH=7.2,and the rotation speed was 220 r/min^(-1).In view of the characteristics of Bacillus subtilis that can secrete surfactants,the feasibility of co-degradation of Sphingosinomonas and Bacillus subtilis was analyzed,including using biochar as a carrier to prevent bacterial interference,in order to improve the degradation efficiency in subsequent experiments.

关 键 词：鞘氨醇单胞菌 鞘糖脂 多噬香鞘氨醇单胞菌 优化 表面活性剂 枯草芽孢杆菌 生物炭 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X592