“双碳”背景下废钢企业逆向物流网络优化  

Reverse Logistics Network Optimization of Steel Recycling Enterprises in Context of"Carbon Peaking and Neutrality"

作　　者：范明明 王喜富[2] 徐楠 牛成水 蒋利军 FAN Mingming;WANG Xifu;XU Nan;NIU Chengshui;JIANG Lijun(Chifeng Railway Branch of Inner Mongolia Jinhua Port Logistics Co.,Ltd.,Chifeng 026299,China;School of Traffic&Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;University of Sheffield,South Yorkshire S102TN,UK;School of Management,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古锦华路港物流有限责任公司赤峰铁路分公司,内蒙古赤峰026299 [2]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044 [3]谢菲尔德大学,英国南约克郡S102TN [4]华中科技大学管理学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《物流技术》2024年第3期25-39,共15页Logistics Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71890972、71890970)。

摘　　要：钢铁行业的碳排放量占全国碳排放量的15%-20%,逆向物流废钢再利用的降碳空间巨大。聚焦废钢企业逆向物流体系,以网络建设与运营过程中碳排放成本以及其他经济成本最低化为目标,对废钢设施选址、货流分配等内容进行优化决策,考虑流量平衡、基地容量约束、运载工具容量约束等限制条件,构建了废钢企业逆向物流网络优化模型。基于遗传算法和蚁群算法设计了一种双层嵌套启发式算法进行求解;外层遗传算法确定选址方案,代入内层蚁群算法求解货流分配方案,再返回外层遗传算法求解最终目标值,经过多次迭代寻优得到最终方案。最后以江苏地区废钢企业逆向物流网络为研究对象进行算例分析,验证了模型与算法的可行性。该研究成果可为废钢企业逆向物流网络建设和运营决策提供有效支撑。Since the proposal of the carbon peaking and neutrality objective,the construction of an effective reverse logistics system has received great attention from all sectors of society.According to statistics,the steelmaking industry accounts for 15%-20%of the total carbon emissions in China.Since industrial practice shows that each ton of scrap steel treated through the scrap steel reverse logistics process can cut back carbon dioxide emissions by 1.4 tons,there is huge room for carbon emissions reduction by scrap steel recycling.Therefore,re⁃search on optimization of the scrap steel reverse logistics network will help improve the utilization rate of scrap steel resources and achieve the goal of energy conservation and emissions reduction.Focusing on the reverse logistics system of the scrap steel enterprise,with the goal of minimizing the carbon emission costs and other economic costs during network construction and operation,we proceed to optimize the decisions of the scrap steel reverse logistics network on facility location selection,and cargo flow distribu⁃tion,etc.,and,taking into account constraints such as flow balance,base capacity,and vehicle capacity,etc.,construct a scrap steel enterprise reverse logistics network optimization model.Since the scrap steel reverse lo⁃gistics network optimization problem is essentially an NP-hard problem of joint facility location and cargo flow distribution optimization,it is very difficult to solve if only exact algorithms and no heuristic algorithm are used.Therefore,a double-layer nested heuristic algorithm is designed based on the genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm,where the genetic algorithm on the outer layer determines the site selection plan,which is then fed to the inner layer ant colony algorithm to derive the cargo flow distribution plan and then returned to the outer layer genetic algorithm to obtain the final target value.The final solution can be obtained after multi⁃ple iterations of the above process.Finally,a numerical analysis is conducted

关 键 词：废钢逆向物流 低碳 设施选址 货流分配 遗传算法 蚁群算法 

分 类 号：F252.19[经济管理—国民经济]