肝内胆管癌类器官模型的建立与应用  

Establishment and application of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma organoid models

作　　者：刘洋 梁霄[1] Liu Yang;Liang Xiao(Department of General Surgery,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou310020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院普外科,杭州310020

出　　处：《中华外科杂志》2024年第4期346-352,共7页Chinese Journal of Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82072625);浙江省科技厅“领雁”计划项目(2024C03049);浙江省卫生健康重大科技计划重大项目(WKJ-ZJ-2407);杭州市科技局农业与社会发展领域重点项目(20231203A09)。

摘　　要：肝内胆管癌(ICC)指起源于肝内二级胆管及其分支的胆管癌类型。作为一种常见的肝脏恶性肿瘤,ICC诊断与治疗的难点在于肿瘤的高度异质性和易耐药性。传统的药物筛选和肿瘤机制的研究局限于二维细胞水平及患者来源的肿瘤异种移植(PDX)模型。但细胞模型无法还原肿瘤的异质性,PDX模型受限于成本高、耗时长等缺点,无法在临床上普及应用。为了解决上述两种模型的局限性,有研究者在二维细胞的基础上研发出类器官模型。类器官模型集合了以上两种培养方式的优点,在肿瘤研究方面具有独特的优势,为肿瘤发生发展的研究和治疗带来了新思路。这篇综述将主要讨论ICC类器官领域的最新研究进展,重点关注现有的培养方案及其在精准医疗和生物样本库建立中可能的应用。Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(IcC)refers stocholangiocarcinomas originating from the secondary bile ducts within the liver and their branches.As a prevalent malignancy of the liver,the diagnosis and treatment of ICC pose significant challenges due to the high heterogeneity of the tumor and its propensity to develop drug resistance.Traditional drug screening and tumor mechanism studies have been confined to two-dimensional cell line cultures and patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models.However,cell lines cannot fully recapitulate the tumor heterogeneity,and PDX models have limitations such as high costs and time consumption,making them less practical for widespread clinical application.To address the limitations of these models,organoid models have been developed based on two-dimensional cell cultures.Organoid models combine the advantages of both aforementioned culture methods and offer unique strengths in cancer research.They provide a new perspective for studying the development and treatment of tumors.In this review,the focus is primarily on the latest advances in the field of organoids of IcC,with a particular emphasis on existing culture protocols and their potential applications in precision medicine and the establishment of biobanks.

关 键 词：胆管肿瘤 类器官 精准医疗 药物筛选 

分 类 号：R735.8[医药卫生—肿瘤]