家庭教养方式、子代认知能力与非认知能力发展——基于异质性和中介效应分析的双重视角  

Parenting Styles and the Development of Children’s Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills—A Dual Perspective Based on Heterogeneity and Mediating Effect Analysis

作　　者：聂倩 项亚光[2] 李佳丽 NIE Qian;XIANG Yaguang;LI Jiai(Graduate School of Education,Peking University,Beijing,100871;School of Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai,200234)

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871 [2]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234

出　　处：《现代基础教育研究》2024年第1期126-134,共9页Research on Modern Basic Education

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学青年课题“社会分层视角下我国家庭教育投入行为研究:影响效应和理性决策分析”(项目编号:CFA190251)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：该研究基于资源替代理论与优势强化理论,使用中国教育追踪调查2013—2014年、2014—2015年两期数据,探索家庭教养方式对子代认知能力与非认知能力发展的影响机制,并分析不同路径是否存在阶层异质性效应。研究发现:1.相较于忽视型教养方式,专制型、宽容型和权威型教养方式对子代的认知能力和非认知能力都有显著的促进作用;2.教养方式对弱势阶层认知能力的发展影响作用更大,对非认知能力的影响作用则不存在异质性效应;3.非认知能力中的成就目标和情绪管理技能在教养方式和子代认知能力之间扮演中介角色,且中介作用在弱势阶层中更大。Based on resource substitution theory and reinforcement of advantage theory,this study explored the mechanisms of the effects of parenting styles on the development of children’s cognitive and non-cognitive skills by using the data from China Education Panel Survey during the years of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 and it also analyzed whether there existed any class het-erogeneity effects across pathways.The findings have shown that:1.compared with neglectful parenting styles,authoritarian,per-missive,and authoritative parenting styles have significant positive effects on both of children’s cognitive and non-cognitive skills;2.parenting styles have a greater effect on the development of cognitive skills in disadvantaged class,and there were no het-erogeneous effects on non-cognitive skills;3.achievement goals and emotion management skills,which are included in non-cog-nitive skills,play a mediating role between parenting styles and children’s cognitive skills,and the mediating effect tends to be stronger in the disadvantaged class.

关 键 词：教养方式 认知能力 非认知能力 异质性 中介效应 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] G521