连续施用镉砷同步钝化剂的稻米镉砷含量降低效果分析  

Analysis on Cadmium and Arsenic Reduction Efficacy in Rice Grain by Continuous Application of Cadmium Arsenic Synchronous Passivation Agent

作　　者：陈克云 谢峥嵘 柳赛花 潘淑芳 纪雄辉 谢运河 CHEN Ke-yun;XIE Zheng-rong;LIU Sai-hua;PAN Shu-fang;JI Xiong-hui;XIE Yun-he(Hunan Provincial Agricultural Foreign Economic Cooperation Center,Changsha 410005,PRC;Hunan Institute of Agro-Environment and Ecology,Key Lab of Prevention,Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in Hunan Province,Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment in Midstream of Yangtze Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Changsha 410125,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业对外经济合作中心,湖南长沙410005 [2]湖南省农业环境生态研究所,农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室,农业农村部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2023年第4期14-22,共9页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2021CX31);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD170010301)。

摘　　要：选择湖南典型镉砷复合污染稻田,通过2018—2020年连续3 a的大田定位试验对10个镉砷同步钝化产品进行效果验证,为镉砷同步钝化产品连续施用的持续效果及镉砷复合污染稻田产品的选择提供参考。结果表明:10个钝化剂产品均具有同步降低稻米镉砷含量的效果,但不同钝化剂的稻米降镉、降砷效果不同,稻米降镉效果最好的是T9处理,3 a平均稻米降镉率为52.42%;其次是T4和T3,3 a平均稻米降镉率分别为42.62%和40.96%;稻米降砷效果最好的为T7和T4处理,3 a平均稻米降砷率分别为34.15%和33.32%;整体上,钝化剂降低稻米镉含量的效果高于降砷的效果,且钝化剂的连续施用对稻米降镉和降砷皆具有一定的累加效应;另外,连续施用3 a钝化剂在一定程度上提升了土壤的pH值,且2018—2020年稻米镉含量皆与土壤pH值呈显著负相关,表明施用钝化剂提升了土壤pH值,并抑制了水稻对镉的吸收积累。综合考虑认为,T4、T8、T7和T10处理的钝化剂产品适用于镉砷复合污染土壤的修复治理,T9等其他处理的钝化剂产品适用于单镉污染耕地的修复治理。Typical cadmium-arsenic(Cd-As)co-contaminated paddy soil in Hunan Province,in this study,was chosen to verify the continued application efficiency of 10 kinds of Cd-As synchronous passivation products through field experiment,thus providing a reference for selecting optimum products to remediate Cd-As co-contaminated paddy soil.The results illustrated that the 10 kinds of Cd-As synchronous passivation products all could decrease Cd and As concentration in rice grain.However,the reduction efficiency of different Cd-As synchronous passivation products was dissimilar.Among them,compared with control(CK),T9 displayed the most remarkable Cd reduction efficiency in rice grain during the three years,with 52.42%on average,followed by T4 and T3,with Cd reduction efficiency in rice grain during three years of 42.62%and 40.96%on average,respectively.Additionally,upon T7 and T4 amendment,the As concentration in rice grain showed the largest diminution,with 34.15%and 33.32%on average,respectively.On the whole,the achievement of Cd-As synchronous passivation products on declining Cd concentration in rice grain was better than As.Moreover,with continuous application of Cd-As synchronous passivation products for three years,a certain cumulative effects on decreasing Cd and As in rice grain emerged.In detail,compared with CK,from the first to third year,the grain Cd was decreased by 12.95%–43.99%(P<0.05),(average 26.01%),23.95%–50.31%(P<0.05)(average 36.06%),and 34.46%–62.96%(P<0.05)(average 48.11%),respectively.By contrast,the As in rice grain declined by 4.17%–25.31%(P<0.05)(average 12.03%),11.89%–36.21%(P<0.05)(average 22.14%),and 11.17%–47.10%(P<0.05)(average 29.65%)from the first to third year,respectively.All the results suggested that T4,T8,T7,and T10 were suitable for remediating Cd-As co-contaminated paddy soil,while T9 and other passivation products were appropriate for the treatment of Cd-contaminated paddy soil.

关 键 词：镉 砷 镉砷同步钝化剂 水稻 重金属污染耕地修复 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]