向日葵副产物中优势乳酸菌和纤维素分解菌的生理生化特征分析  

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of dominant lactic acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in sunflower By-Products

作　　者：李肖 陈永成 黄嵘峥 许平珠 张凡凡[1] 马春晖[1] LI Xiao;CHEN Yongcheng;HUANG Rongzheng;XU Pingzhu;ZHANG Fanfan;MA Chunhui(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China;Xingjiang Xu zhihua Grassland Ecology Co.,Ltd,Habahe Xinjiang 836700,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆蓿之花草原生态有限公司,新疆哈巴河836700

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第3期607-614,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS);新疆维吾尔自治区优质饲草产业技术体系项目(2022XJSC-Z-02)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究向日葵副产物中优势乳酸菌和纤维素分解菌的生理生化特征,为向日葵副产物发酵饲料提供基础。【方法】对向日葵副产物表面附着优势乳酸菌及纤维素分解菌进行分离、提取鉴定,并分析优势菌种生理生化特征。【结果】分离出3株乳酸菌和4株纤维素分解菌。得到3株乳酸菌均为蒙氏肠球菌(Enterococcus mundtii)。4株纤维素分解菌中,菌株Z_(2)和Z_(13)为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),X_(14)为阿氏芽孢杆菌(Bacillus aryabhattai),X_(4)与解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。3株乳酸菌在4、10、30和45℃及3%和6.5%的NaCl条件下生长良好,在pH 3.5~9可生长,在pH 3环境下不生长;4株纤维素分解菌中透明圈直径(D)/菌落直径(d)比值和酶活性按大小排序均为解淀粉芽孢杆菌>贝莱斯芽孢杆菌>阿氏芽孢杆菌。【结论】蒙氏肠球菌具有较强耐盐能力且温度适应范围广,但其产酸能力明显弱于植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum);4株纤维素分解菌在CMC糖化酶活力、滤纸酶活性及向日葵副产物的实际失重率中,接种解淀粉芽孢杆菌效果最优。【Objective】This study aims to provide a basis for fermented feeds by sunflower by-products.【Methods】The dominant lactic acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria attached to the surface of sunflower by-products were isolated,extracted and identified,and the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the dominant bacteria were analyzed.【Results】3 strains of lactic acid bacteria and 4 strains of cellulolytic bacteria were isolated.The 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria obtained were Enterococcus mundtii.Among the 4 strains of cellulolytic bacteria,strains Z_(2) and Z_(13) were Bacillus velezensis,X_(14) was Bacillus aryabhattai,and X_(4) was Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.3 strains of lactic acid bacteria grew well under the conditions of 4,10,30 and 45℃,3%and 6.5%NaCl,grew at pH 3.5-9,and did not grow at pH3;among the 4 strains of cellulolytic bacteria,the ratio of transparent circle diameter(D)/colony diameter(d)and enzyme activity in order of size were Bacillus amyloliquefaciens>Bacillus velezensis>Bacillus aryabhattai.【Conclusion】Enterococcus mundtii has strong salt tolerance and a wide range of temperature adaptation,but its acid-producing ability is significantly weaker than that of Lactobacillus plantarum.In the actual weight loss rate of the product,the effect of inoculation with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is the best.

关 键 词：向日葵副产物 乳酸菌 纤维素分解菌 分离 鉴定 酶活性 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学]