辣椒种间杂交遗传特性  

Genetic properties of interspecific crosses in pepper

作　　者：张国儒 唐亚萍[1] 石林媛 袁雷 张勇 杨生保[1] ZHANG Guoru;TANG Yaping;SHI Linyuan;YUAN Lei;ZHANG Yong;YANG Shengbao(Research Institute of Horticultural Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Changji Tainuofeng Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changji Xinjiang 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]昌吉市泰诺丰农业科技有限公司,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第3期632-641,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区青年科学基金项目(2022D01B170);新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养项目(xjnkq-2020003);国家自然科学基金项目(32060680);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-24-G-29);新疆农业科学院重点培育项目(xjkcpy-2022005)。

摘　　要：【目的】杂交育种是提高辣椒产量,改善辣椒品质的主要途径之一,为创制更多育种资源,提高辣椒杂交育种效率,通过种间杂交,测定辣椒种间杂交后代主要果实性状,分析主要性状的遗传特性,筛选高品质辣椒,为杂交育种和种质资源改良提供参考依据。【方法】以不同栽培种辣椒为研究对象,通过种间杂交获得子代,采用Indel分子标记技术检测种间杂交的成功率,采用高效液相测定果实辣素含量,用紫外分光光度计检测色价,采用SPSS和Origin 2019等软件分析辣椒果实性状、品质性状的遗传多样性和相关性。【结果】利用Indel标记对28份辣椒资源的杂交F 1真实性进行鉴定,一年生辣椒均可与魔鬼椒(ZL-280)和灌木椒(HY-1)杂交成功,主要果实性状的遗传特性均表现了超显性效应、加性效益和显性效应。但与鸟椒(X-260)未杂交成功,可能存在种间杂交障碍。【结论】辣椒不同种间杂交存在一定的杂交特性,一年生辣椒可顺利与魔鬼椒和灌木椒杂交,杂交后代的主要果实性状变异幅度大。【Objective】Screen high-quality pepper,this study will take different cultivated pepper as the research object,through interspecific hybridization,determine the main fruit traits of F 1 generation,analyze the genetic characteristics of main fruit traits in the hope of providing a reference for future cross breeding and germplasm resource improvement.【Methods】Improve the efficiency of pepper cross breeding,F 1 was obtained through interspecific hybridization.The success rate of interspecific hybridization was detected by Indel molecular marker technology.The content of capsaicin in the fruit was determined by HPLC and the color value was detected by UV spectrophotometer.Afterwards,the genetic diversity and correlation of all pepper fruit traits and quality traits were analyzed by SPSS and Origin 2019 software.【Results】The authenticity of F 1 hybrids among 28 pepper resources was identified by using Indel markers.The results showed that all the annuals could successfully cross with devil pepper(ZL-280)and shrub pepper(HY-1),and the genetic characteristics of the main fruit traits showed super dominance effect,additive effect and dominant effect.However,it failed to cross with bird pepper(X-260),which might be due to interspecific hybridization obstacles.【Conclusion】From this study,it can be concluded that there are certain hybridization characteristics in different interspecific hybridization of pepper.Annual pepper can be successfully crossed with devil pepper and shrub pepper,and the variation range of main fruit characters of hybrid offspring is large.

关 键 词：辣椒 INDEL标记 育种 杂交检测 种质资源 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]