江汉平原地区马铃薯宽垄双行种植方式探究  

Study on wide ridge and double row planting of potato in Jianghan Plain

作　　者：王清伟 姜洪新 方治国 史明会 梁红艳 吴国文 刘祎 蔡兴奎[1] WANG Qingwei;JIANG Hongxin;FANG Zhiguo;SHI Minghui;LIANG Hongyan;WU Guowen;LIU Yi;CAI Xingkui(National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crop/Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Horticulture&Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xiangyang 441057,Hubei,China;Yichang Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Yichang 443000,Hubei,China;Jingzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jingzhou 434300,Hubei,China;Yunmeng County Government Affairs Center,Yunmeng 432500,Hubei,China;Suixian Agricultural Technology Promotion Station,Suixian 441300,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室·农业农村部马铃薯生物学与生物技术重点实验室·华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [2]襄阳市农业科学院,湖北襄阳441057 [3]宜昌农业技术推广中心,湖北宜昌443000 [4]荆州市农业科学院,湖北荆州434300 [5]云梦县政务中心,湖北云梦432500 [6]随县农业技术推广站,湖北随县441300

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2024年第4期154-161,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家马铃薯产业技术体系(CARS-09)。

摘　　要：深沟高垄单行栽培是目前马铃薯机械化栽培的主要模式,然而一次性达到规定的垄高对起垄机械要求过高,常需二次起垄,因此为寻找适宜的机械栽培模式,在江汉平原的5个地区采用宽垄双行的栽培模式,垄距分别设计为1.0、1.1和1.2 m,垄上双行距设计为0.15、0.18、0.21 m,以期在提高产量的同时增加垄宽,进而减少二次起垄。结果表明,垄宽为1.1 m时,马铃薯产量最高为2417.41 kg·667 m^(-2),垄上双行距为0.15 m时,马铃薯产量最高为2440.30 kg·667 m^(-2);综合比较发现,栽培模式D(1.1 m×0.23 m×0.15 m)表现较好,且相比于传统单垄单行栽培模式,马铃薯产量显著提高。栽培模式D相比于人工单垄单行每667 m2增效16.92%,相比于机械单垄单行每667 m2增效55.90%。研究结果在规范江汉平原一带马铃薯机械化种植标准,降低生产成本,提高产量,促进湖北省马铃薯农机农艺融合方面具有重要意义。In the mechanized cultivation of potatoes,deep furrow and high ridge single row planting are the major cultiva-tion methods currently.However,machine raise to the specified ridge height is burden at once,hence requires secondary ridge raising.An experiment was set up in five regions of the Jianghan Plain where potatoes were planted with wide ridge and double row planting,aiming to increase the yield and reduce the requirement of secondary ridging operation.The ridge spacing were designed to be 1.0,1.1 and 1.2 m,and the double row spacing on the ridge were kept 0.15,0.18 and 0.21 m.The results show that when the ridge width was 1.1 m and the double row spacing on the ridge was 0.15 m,the po-tato yield was the highest,with 2417.41 and 2440.30 kg·667 m^(-2),respectively.After comprehensive comparison,the au-thor found that the cultivation mode was 1.1 m×0.23 m×0.15 m performs well.In contrast to the manual single ridge sin-gle row,the cultivation mode 1.1 m×0.23 m×0.15 m has increased income by 16.92%per 667 m2.Similarly,the benefit is income by 55.90%per 667 m^(2) when compared to mechanical single ridge single row.Hence,this experiment is of great significance for standardizing the mechanized potato planting,reducing production costs,increasing yield,and promoting the integration of agricultural machinery with agronomy in Jianghan Plain of Hubei province.

关 键 词：马铃薯 宽垄双行 农机农艺融合 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]