基于激光熔覆的缸套表面梯度材料制备及其摩擦学性能研究  

Preparation and Tribological Properties of Gradient Material on Cylinder Liner Surface by Laser Cladding

作　　者：刘永琪 袁成清[1,2,3] 饶响 郭智威 LIU Yongqi;YUAN Chengqing;RAO Xiang;GUO Zhiwei(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Reliability Engineering Institute,National Engineering Research Center for Water Transportation Safety,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院,武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学水路交通控制全国重点实验室,武汉430063 [3]国家水运安全工程技术研究中心可靠性工程研究所,武汉430063

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第7期40-47,共8页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52372361)。

摘　　要：目的研究功能梯度材料对缸套表面的抗磨减摩作用,提升缸套-活塞环配副的摩擦学性能。方法通过激光打标机在缸套表面制备具有30°角规则纹理排布的凹槽,在凹槽内采用同轴送粉的方式熔覆镍含量不同的铁基粉末,分析熔覆合金层的金相组织,并利用往复式摩擦磨损试验机研究在一定载荷压力下功能梯度材料缸套的摩擦学性能。结果熔覆层金相组织呈现梯度排布,熔覆层与基体材料分子原子交互扩散形成良好的冶金结合。牌号为350、镍质量分数为4.2%、铁质量分数80%的粉末所制备的功能梯度材料,减摩效果最为明显,相比未经处理的对照组,平均摩擦因数降幅为25.4%,且该组在试验中接触电阻的平均值最大,相比对照组提升了63.45%。牌号为330、镍质量分数为9%、铁质量分数为70%的粉末制备的缸套,表面支撑指数最高为0.78,相比于未处理的对照组,增幅达到35%,且试验组活塞环经摩擦后,磨损量均小于对照组。结论制备了30°角分布的功能梯度材料,能使得缸套-活塞环摩擦学系统在工作过程中摩擦副的润滑油膜厚度更厚,且在运行过程中更稳定,以减少摩擦力和降低摩擦因数。同时,增强其支撑能力和储存润滑油的能力,使所制备的缸套摩擦因数显著降低。牌号为350的材料,改善摩擦学性能的效果最优。As a new type of material whose performance changes with composition or structure,functional gradient materials are increasingly being applied to improve the tribological properties of mechanical components.In order to study the anti-wear and friction reduction effect of functional gradient materials on the surface of cylinder liners,a regular texture arrangement with a 30°angle was prepared on the surface of cylinder liners to explore the coupling effect of material and texture on the improvement of tribological properties.The ZS1115 diesel engine cylinder liner was selected for the experiment,and 80 mm×120 mm cylinder liner slices were obtained through wire cutting.The material was wear-resistant alloy cast iron,and functional gradient materials were prepared.Firstly,a 30°groove was prepared on the surface of the cylinder liner with a laser marking machine,and then iron based powders with different nickel contents were melted into the groove by coaxial powder feeding.The process parameters during the melting process were slightly different.These were the parameters selected for the optimal cladding effect in the previous cladding experiment.After cladding,a part of the cylinder liner was cut by wire to obtain the cross-section of the cladding layer.The microstructure of the cladding alloy layer was analyzed from a microscopic perspective with a metallographic microscope,and the tribological properties of the functional gradient material cylinder liner prepared under a fixed load and speed were studied with a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine.During the test,the contact resistance between the cylinder liner and piston ring was collected to obtain the oil film lubrication condition between the friction pairs,and the friction change throughout the test was also collected.After the experiment,the three-dimensional feature parameters of the friction surface were obtained through a contact surface profiler.At the same time,the mass of piston ring before and after the test was recorded,and the mass we

关 键 词：功能梯度材料 缸套-活塞环 激光熔覆 摩擦特性 金相组织 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]