全生物质单组份膨胀型阻燃剂的制备与性能研究实验设计  

Study on the preparation and performance of a whole biomass one-component intumescent flame retardant

作　　者：靳艳巧[1] 曹静[1] 胡礼波 熊雷 JIN Yanqiao;CAO Jing;HU Libo;XIONG Lei(College of Material Science and Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学材料科学与工程学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第3期232-237,共6页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01593);福州大学研究生教育教学改革项目(FYJG2023007)。

摘　　要：该文以生物质材料作为原料制备了单组分膨胀型阻燃剂,并将其加入聚乳酸中制备了复合材料。实验结果表明,该阻燃剂能够显著提高聚乳酸的阻燃性能和抗熔滴性能,且热稳定性良好。该实验涉及高分子材料配方设计、成型加工、性能测试、结构表征等专业知识,可使学生掌握高分子材料阻燃机理,熟练使用相关仪器设备进行测试与分析,有利于他们提高综合运用知识的能力,并针对高分子材料与工程领域的复杂工程问题设计解决方案。[Objective]Based on the concept of“Teaching and researching integration,talents cultivation in scholarship,”the experimental program suitable for undergraduates of polymer materials and engineering is extracted from the scientific research projects being studied by the teachers in our college,and the exploratory experiment of the“Preparation and performance of one-component intumescent flame retardant from all-biomass”is designed in this study.[Methods]In the experiment,biomass materials in nature are selected as the primary raw materials,and a phosphorus-nitrogen-modified starch-based all-biomass one-component intumescent flame retardant is synthesized through esterification and ion-exchange reactions.Starch,phytic acid,and L-arginine are used as the carbon,acid,and gas sources,respectively.The flame retardant can be synthesized in the aqueous phase,employing a simple and green preparation method.The flame retardant is compatible with PLA materials and is an excellent reactive intrinsic flame retardant.The research results show that the flame retardant synthesized in this experiment can retard the thermal decomposition rate of PLA during combustion,with a high char formation rate and a continuous dense char layer,which can isolate the flammable gases and inhibit the decomposition of the PLA matrix.The flame retardant can also significantly increase the number of high-temperature molten droplets generated during the combustion of PLA to avoid secondary damage.[Results]The exploratory experiment closely integrates the scientific research project with the professional curriculum and is an important exploration to improve the experimental skills and innovation ability of the undergraduates of polymer materials and engineering.The experiment is clear in principle,reliable,with advanced methodology,and has a large scope for expansion.In addition,its application effect is remarkable in the teaching process of polymer materials’comprehensive experiments and innovative experiments courses.The experiment require

关 键 词：探索性实验 生物质 聚乳酸 阻燃 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学] TQ323.4[文化科学—教育学]