森林康养对人体身心健康影响研究的荟萃分析  

Effects of forest therapy on human physical and mental health:A meta-analysis

作　　者：段光镁 樊立伟 卜婉宁 吕佳欣 才燕[1] DUAN Guangmei;FAN Liwei;BU Wanning;LYU Jiaxin;CAI Yan(College of Forestry and Grassland,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学林学与草学学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2024年第2期175-183,199,共10页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210101039JC)。

摘　　要：[背景]随着城市化的发展以及居住空间的扩张,生态环境和人类健康问题成为各界关注的热点。社会亚健康人群逐步扩大,各种心理、生理疾病逐渐呈低龄化发展,森林康养这种在自然中寻求健康的方式开始得到人们的关注。[目的]评价森林康养对部分身心健康指标的影响。[方法]检索国内外数据库(中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Web of science、ScienceDirect、PubMed、Embase和Cochrane Library)中森林康养的相关研究文献,时间范围为各数据库建库至2023年1月31日,提取相关数据进行荟萃分析,探究森林康养与人群心理、生理指标的关系。[结果]共纳入85篇文献,荟萃分析结果显示,森林组《心境状态量表》《正负情绪量表》《贝克抑郁量表》《状态-特质焦虑量表》评分优于城市组(P<0.05);森林组收缩压、舒张压、心率、交感神经指标[ln(LF/HF)]、唾液皮质醇以及血清炎性因子水平低于城市组,副交感神经指标[ln(HF)]水平高于城市组(P<0.05)。亚组分析表明,康养时长≤0.5 h时心率(SMD=-1.62,95%CI:-2.41~-0.82)、ln(HF)(SMD=1.29,95%CI:0.73~1.85)、ln(LF/HF)(SMD=-1.49,95%CI:-2.13~-0.86)、唾液皮质醇(SMD=-0.53,95%CI:-0.81~-0.25)的变化更明显,>0.5~3 h时情绪状态的恢复效果更佳(如紧张SMD=-2.40,95%CI:-3.21~-1.59等),>3 h时收缩压(SMD=-0.53,95%CI:-1.03~-0.03)和舒张压(SMD=-0.42,95%CI:-0.88~0.04)的降低效果更好;静坐对《心境状态量表》各项指标的恢复更好(如疲劳SMD=-2.26,95%CI:-3.07~-1.45等),步行对血压(收缩压SMD=-0.57,95%CI:-1.07~-0.06;舒张压SMD=-0.72,95%CI:-1.36~-0.07)、心率等(SMD=-1.51,95%CI:-2.38~-0.64)生理指标的恢复更好;除血压外,青年人的康养效果普遍比中老年人好。[结论]森林康养能带给人放松、舒适的心理感受;能降低血压、心率,调节自主神经系统;减少压力激素的释放,降低血清炎症因子水平,对心血管、免疫系统方�[Background]With urbanization and residential space expansion,ecological environment and human health issues have become hot social topics.Forest health,as a way of seeking health in nature,has begun to receive public attention in the context of the gradually increasing subhealthy population and various psychological and physical diseases at a young age.[Objective]To systematically evaluate the effects of forest therapy on selected physical and mental health indicators.[Methods]Relevant research literature was retrieved from domestic and international databases(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,China Biomedical Literature Service System,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library),with a time range from database establishment to January 31,2023.Relevant data were extracted for metaanalysis to explore the relationship between forest therapy and selected psychological and physiological indicators.[Results]A total of 85 articles were included,and the meta-analysis results showed that better scores of Profile of Mood States,Positive and Negative Affect Scale,Beck Depression Inventory,and State Trait Anxiety Scale were found in the forest group than those in the urban group(P<0.05);the levels of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,heart rate,sympathetic nerve indicator[ln(LF/HF)],salivary cortisol,and serum inflammatory factors were lower in the forest group than in the urban group,while parasympathetic nerve indicator[ln(HF)]level was higher in the forest group than in the urban group(P<0.05).The results of subgroup analysis showed that the changes in heart rate(SMD=−1.62,95%CI:−2.41,−0.82),ln(HF)(SMD=1.29,95%CI:0.73,1.85),ln(LF/HF)(SMD=−1.49,95%CI:−2.13,−0.86),and salivary cortisol(SMD=−0.53,95%CI:−0.81,−0.25)were more significant when the duration of forest therapy was≤0.5 h,the recovery effect on emotional state was better in the>0.5~3 h group(such as tension SMD=−2.40,95%CI:−3.21,1.59),and the reduction effects on systolic blood press

关 键 词：森林康养 心理健康 生理健康 荟萃分析 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]