音乐雅俗流变与中唐乐人诗的新开拓  

The Transformation of Elegant and Popular Music and the New Explorations of Music Poetry in the Mid-Tang Dynasty

作　　者：柏红秀[1] 张梦锦 Bai Hongxiu;Zhang Mengjin

机构地区：[1]扬州大学新闻与传媒学院 [2]扬州大学文学院 [3]扬州大学中国俗文学研究中心

出　　处：《江苏社会科学》2024年第2期193-203,I0005,共12页Jiangsu Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“音乐雅俗流变与唐代诗歌传播研究”(21BZW090)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中唐雅乐建制整体处于停滞状态,俗乐却因为君王喜好及朝廷鼓励与政策支持、宦官集团的高度重视及藩镇的着力追求而走向全面活跃,这种发展格局带来了中唐宴乐之风的全面兴盛。由于诗歌的创作与表演是中国古代社会宴会的传统内容,宴乐之风的全面兴盛对中唐诗歌发展产生了重要影响。受此风气的影响,作为中唐音乐诗重要类别的乐人诗有了新开拓:就内容而言,淡化了乐人的容貌描写,重视刻画他们的表演神态,并以容貌来反衬精湛的技术;注重乐人的技艺描写,详及表演的过程、曲目和歌辞等;全方面描绘乐人的生活,包括拜师学艺、受雇表演、日常生活和人生归宿等;深入乐人的精神世界,涉及其对音乐的热爱精通、丰富情思、文学才华及对友谊爱情的珍视等。就情思而言,不但表达对宴会主人或乐人雇主的感谢,而且涉及诗人的自我人生感怀、对社会弊端的批判以及对过往历史的反思等。全面考查音乐雅俗流变、宴乐之风及中唐乐人诗三者的关联,对于了解唐代诗歌发展历程的丰富及审美风尚的变迁等有重要的价值。The establishment of refined music in the mid-Tang Dynasty was stagnant as a whole,but popular music flourished due to imperial favor,court encouragement and policy support,the high regard of the eunuch group,and the vigorous pursuit by regional military governors.This development pattern brought about the widespread vogue of banquet music in the mid-Tang Dynasty.As poetry composition and performance was a traditional element of ancient Chinese banquets,the full prosperity of banquet music exerted a significant influence on the development of poetry in the mid-Tang Dynasty.Under this influence,the music poetry,an important genre of mid-Tang music poetry,underwent new explorations:In terms of content,it downplays the description of the musicians'appearances,focusing instead on portraying their performance demeanors and using their looks to contrast their exquisite skills;it emphasizes the description of the musicians'artistry,detailing the process of performance,repertoire,and lyrics;it depicts their lives in all aspects,including seeking apprenticeships,performing for hire,daily routines,and life destinies;it can delve into musicians’spiritual realms,touching upon their passion for and mastery of music,rich emotions,literary talents,and cherishing of friendship and love.Regarding sentiments,the poetry not only expresses gratitude to the banquet hosts or the musicians'patrons but also reflects the poets'self-reflections on life,critiques of social ills,and ruminations on past history.A comprehensive examination of the interplay between the transformation of elegant and popular music,the vogue of banquet music,and the music poetry in the mid-Tang Dynasty holds significant value for understanding the rich development of poetry in the Tang Dynasty and the evolution of aesthetic tastes.

关 键 词：音乐雅俗流变 宴乐之风 中唐乐人诗 唐代诗歌 

分 类 号：J609.2[艺术—音乐] I207.22[文学—中国文学] K242[历史地理—历史学]