海洋纳塑料的环境行为与毒性效应研究进展  

Research progress on the environmental behavior and toxic effects of marine nanoplastics

作　　者：夏斌[1] 王莹[2] 李恒翔[3] 黄伟 冯志华 杜蕴超 李力昂 王菊英[2] 张凯 徐向荣[3] 王有基[6] XIA Bin;WANG Ying;LI Hengxiang;HUANG Wei;FENG Zhihua;DU Yunchao;LI Li'ang;WANG Juying;ZHANG Kai;XU Xiangrong;WANG Youji(State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry,Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,China;Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Science and Technology,College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai 201306,China;National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao,Macao Environmental Research Institute,Faculty of Innovation Engineering,Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao SAR 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [4]自然资源部,第二海洋研究所,海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [5]江苏海洋大学,江苏连云港222005 [6]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [7]澳门科技大学创新工程学院澳门环境研究院,澳门海岸带生态环境国家野外科学观测研究站,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2024年第2期167-185,213,共20页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2106213);山东省重点研发计划项目(2022CXPT013);山东省泰山学者专项(tsqn202211267);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2023TD13);上海市教育委员会自然科学重大项目(2023ZKZD52)。

摘　　要：海洋塑料污染成为与气候变化、臭氧耗竭和海洋酸化并列的全球重大环境问题,其中海洋微/纳塑料成为关注的重点。纳塑料与微塑料相比,粒径更小,比表面积更大,环境丰度更高,更容易被海洋生物所摄食,对海洋生物产生的毒性更强。因此,纳塑料的海洋环境效应研究成为近年来环境科学领域的研究热点。但迄今为止,关于海洋纳塑料的环境行为与生物效应仍缺乏系统性的研究和清晰的认知。基于此,本文综述了海洋纳塑料的检测分析方法,概述了纳塑料的海洋环境行为,分析了纳塑料对海洋生物的毒性效应及其致毒机制,并展望了海洋纳塑料环境效应的研究方向,以期为科学评估海洋纳塑料的生态风险及有效应对海洋纳塑料污染提供重要参考。Combined with global climate change,ozone depletion and ocean acidification,marine plastic pollution has become a global environmental issue,among which marine micro/nano plastics have become the focus of attention.Compared with microplastics,nanoplastics have smaller particle size,larger specific surface area,higher environmental individual concentration,and are more readily to be ingested by marine organisms,causing stronger toxicity to marine organisms.Therefore,environmental effects of nanoplastics on the marine environment has become a research focus in the field of environmental science in recent years.However,so far,there is still a lack of systematic research and clear understanding of the environmental behavior and biological effects of marine nanoplastics.Therefore,this review summarized detection/analysis methods and environmental behavior of marine nanoplastics,analyzed the toxic effects of nanoplastics on marine organisms and their toxicity mechanisms,and proposed the research directions of marine nanoplastic environmental effects.Our review provides important basis for ecological risks evaluation of marine nanoplastics and an important reference for effectively dealing with ocean plastic pollution.

关 键 词：纳塑料 环境行为 检测方法 毒性效应 致毒机制 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]