微塑料与其他环境污染物的相互作用及复合效应  

Interaction between microplastics and other environmental pollutants and the combined effects of the combined pollutants

作　　者：程媛 迟元彤 张伯雷 刘昔媛 宋磊 张镕浩 赵建[1,2,4] 包木太[1,3,5] CHENG Yuan;CHI Yuantong;ZHANG Bolei;LIU Xiyuan;SONG Lei;ZHANG Ronghao;ZHAO Jiann;BAO Mutai(Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Lab of Marine Environmental and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,Ministry of Education/Institute for Advanced Ocean Study,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学深海圈层与地球系统前沿科学中心,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学化学与化工学院,山东青岛266100 [4]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [5]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室/中国海洋大学海洋高等研究院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2024年第2期201-213,共13页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42277261);自然资源部渤海生态预警与保护修复重点实验室开放基金项目(2022103)。

摘　　要：微塑料广泛存在于环境中,其具有吸附重金属和有机污染物等环境污染物的能力,同时也会与这些污染物发生各种复杂的相互作用,从而改变它们的环境归趋及毒性效应。本文在对微塑料与有机污染物、重金属以及二元复合污染物的相互作用机制进行综述的基础上,分析了相关影响因素及复合污染物带来的正反两方面效应。微塑料与污染物的相互作用机制主要是分配作用、表面吸附作用,其中表面吸附作用又可细分为疏水作用、静电作用、氢键作用、范德华力作用、络合作用及π-π作用等。这些相互作用主要受到微塑料及污染物自身物化性质及环境因素的影响。微塑料的载体效应使得其自身和其他环境污染物可以进入生物体内从而引发生物效应。但基于目前研究来看,复合污染物除了会引起生物毒性效应外,还具有正面积极作用,有待深入探索。最后,本文指出了现有研究的不足,并对今后的相关研究发展趋势进行了展望,以期对未来微塑料的相关研究提供参考和帮助。Microplastics are ubiquitous in the environment,possessing the ability to adsorb environmental pollutants such as heavy metals and organic pollutants,while also engaging in a variety of complex interactions with these pollutants.These interactions alter the environmental tendencies and toxic effects of these pollutants.Based on a review of the interaction mechanisms between microplastics and organic pollutants,heavy metals,and binary composite pollutants,this article analyzes the influencing factors and the dual effects brought about by composite pollutants.The interaction mechanisms between microplastics and pollutants mainly include distribution and surface adsorption,with the latter further subdivided into hydrophobic effects,electrostatic effects,hydrogen bonding,Van der Waals forces,chelation,and-πinteractions.The interactions are mainly influenced by physicochemical properties of microplastics and pollutants themselves and environmental factors.The carrier effect of microplastics can enable both itself and other environmental pollutants to infiltrate organisms,thereby inducing biological effects.However,according to current research,besides instigating toxic effects in organisms,composite pollutants also have positive aspects that need further exploration.Lastly,this article points out deficiencies in existing research and looks forward to future research trends,with the aim of providing references and assistance for future research on microplastics.

关 键 词：微塑料 环境污染物 复合污染物 互作机制 环境毒性效应 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X55