生酮饮食与阿尔茨海默病认知功能关联性研究进展  

Advances in the study of the association between ketogenic diet and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease

作　　者：余璐 李伟[1] 岳玲[1] 李霞[1] Lu YU;Wei LI;Ling YUE;Xia LI(Geriatric Psychiatry Department,Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China;Geriatric Psychiatry Department,The Second People's Hospital of Suzhou City,Suzhou 234000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心老年科,上海200032 [2]安徽省宿州市第二人民医院老年精神科,安徽宿州234000

出　　处：《阿尔茨海默病及相关病杂志》2024年第2期147-150,160,共5页Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:联合外周糖代谢指标和前扣带回皮层的多模态磁共振预测遗忘型轻度认知障碍的临床转归项目标号:82101564;院级课题:基于动物实验、PET检测,探讨骨钙素抗衰老的信号通路及影像学机制项目标号:2020-FX-03。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer'sdisease,AD)是一种常见的神经变性疾病,该疾病的主要特征是认知功能的损害。生酮饮食是一种低碳水化合物、中等蛋白质和高脂肪的饮食,已被证实对于一些神经变性疾病具有改善作用。近年来,越来越多的研究关注生酮饮食对阿尔茨海默病认知功能的影响。研究表明,生酮饮食可以改善AD患者的认知功能,包括记忆、学习和注意力等方面。生酮饮食通过调节能量代谢和减少脑内炎症反应来改善认知功能,生酮饮食还可以增加脑内神经保护因子的产生,促进神经细胞的生存和功能恢复。然而,目前对于生酮饮食与AD认知功能关联性的研究还存在一些争议和限制。一些研究结果不一致,可能与样本大小、研究设计和饮食干预的时长等因素有关。此外,生酮饮食在长期应用中可能会导致一些不良反应,如胆固醇升高和肾脏负担增加等。综上所述,生酮饮食可能对AD认知功能有一定的改善作用,但仍需进一步研究来明确其有效性和安全性。未来的研究应该注重研究设计的优化,增加样本量和研究时间,以及探索生酮饮食对认知功能的长期影响,应该关注生酮饮食的适用人群和最佳干预时机,以实现个性化治疗的目标。This paper reviews the progress of research on the association between ketogenic diet and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease(AD).Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that is primarily characterised by impairment of cognitive function.The ketogenic diet,a diet with a high-fat,low-carbohydrate pattern,has been shown to be protective against some neurodegenerative diseases.In recent years,an increasing number of studies have focused on the effects of the ketogenic diet on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease.Studies have shown that the ketogenic diet improves cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease patients,including memory,learning and attention.The ketogenic diet improves cognitive function by regulating energy metabolism and reducing inflammatory responses in the brain.The ketogenic diet also increases the production of neuroprotective factors in the brain,which promotes the survival and functional recovery of nerve cells.However,there are some controversies and limitations in the current research on the association between ketogenic diet and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease.The inconsistent results of some studies may be related to factors such as sample size,study design,and duration of dietary intervention.In addition,ketogenic diets may lead to some adverse effects in long-term application,such as elevated cholesterol and increased renal burden.In conclusion,ketogenic diet may have some improvement effects on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease,but further studies are needed to clarify its effectiveness and safety.Future studies should focus on optimising the study design,increasing the sample size and study duration,as well as exploring the long-term effects of the ketogenic diet on cognitive function.In addition,attention should be paid to the applicable population and the optimal timing of intervention for the ketogenic diet in order to achieve the goal of personalised treatment.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 生酮饮食 认知功能 影响机制 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]