法援辩护与委托辩护顺序问题的机理与根源  

The Mechanism and Roots of Sequential Conflicts between Legal Aid Defense and Entrusted Defense

作　　者：吴洪淇 WU Hongqi(Law School of Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《现代法学》2024年第2期56-73,共18页Modern Law Science

基　　金：高等学校全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项资金资助项目“司法证明过程的机理与规制”(201406)。

摘　　要：近年来,在一系列有较大影响的案件中屡屡出现法援辩护与近亲属代为委托辩护之间发生冲突的现象。这一现象使我国传统的“委托辩护优先原则”受到较大冲击。从系列典型案例入手,可以对法援辩护与委托辩护发生冲突的情形进行概括。目前既有的制度和理论回应并不能完全疏解这种冲突。冲突的形成是以犯罪嫌疑人和被告人的信息隔离为主因,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人与近亲属及其委托律师之间的信息不对称为冲突的发生提供了条件。从根源上说,法援辩护与委托辩护的冲突是律师忠诚义务与公益义务发生冲突的结果。就律师热诚辩护而言,不能仅仅从惩戒角度对其加以禁止,还要从辩方权利保障和程序性制裁等角度来加以疏解。In recent years,there have been frequent conflicts between legal aid defense and family entrusted defense in a series of influential cases.This phenomenon has dealt a significant blow to the traditional principle of Client Priority established in China,and has also had a negative impact on the credibility of judicial organs and the public welfare of legal aid.We can summarize the ecology of conflicts between legal aid defense and entrusted defense from a series of typical cases.The formation of the conflict is based on the information isolation between the suspect and the defendant,and the asymmetric information between the suspect/defendant,their close relatives and their entrusted lawyers provides conditions for the conflict.Fundamentally speaking,the conflict between legal aid defense and entrusted defense is a product of the conflict between the excessive enthusiasm of the entrusted lawyer for defense and the smooth handling of the case by the investigating party.It is the result of the conflict between the loyalty obligation of the lawyer and the public interest obligation.Overly enthusiastic defense by lawyers cannot be prohibited solely from the perspective of disciplinary systems,but should also be alleviated from the perspectives of defense rights protection and procedural sanctions.

关 键 词：法律援助律师 忠诚义务 热诚辩护 信息隔离 

分 类 号：DF73[政治法律—诉讼法学]