永久陌生化:伊韦尔森的非自然叙述理论  

Permanent Defamiliarisation:Stefan Iversen's Unnatural Narrative Theory

作　　者：王长才 Wang Changcai(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,School ofHumanities at Southwest Jiaotong University)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学人文学院中文系

出　　处：《符号与传媒》2024年第1期70-80,共11页Signs & Media

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“非自然叙述学研究”(16BZW013,已结项)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：伊韦尔森对非自然叙述的界定具有实用性的倾向,最初以“具体文本中场景、事件与故事世界的规则有难以解释的冲突”来界定,后来将“非自然”视为一种修辞手段,而非一种特定文类,扩大了所涵盖的范围,也因此造成非自然特性被稀释甚至被消除的风险。伊韦尔森反对阿尔贝将非自然叙述自然化的阐释方式,强调非自然叙述是“永久陌生化”。伊韦尔森还提出“难以媒介化的经验性”和“没有媒介化的经验性”等概念,对提倡自然叙述学的莫妮卡·弗卢德尼克以“体验性”为叙述规定性的观点提出了质疑。此外,他还就非自然意识指出了认知叙述学框架的某些局限。With his pragmatic tendency,Stefan Iversen initially defines"unnatural narrative"with reference to the unexplainable clash between scenarios or events and the rules governing a storyworld in a specific text.However,he regards"the unnatural"as a rhetorical device rather than a specific genre,which enlarges the scope of the concept and thus poses the risk of diluting or even eliminating the unnatural.Iversen opposes Jan Alber's interpretation of strategies as a naturalisation of unnatural narrative and stresses that unnatural narratives are"permanent defamiliarisation".In putting forward the notions of"demediated experientiality"and"unmediated experientiality",Iversen also criticises Monika Fludernik's views on experientiality and narrative,with her advocacy of natural narratology.In addition,he points out some of the limitations of the cognitive narratological framework with regard to unnatural minds.

关 键 词：非自然叙述 非自然叙述理论 永久陌生化 非自然意识 伊韦尔森 

分 类 号：I04[文学—文学理论]