基于三维扫描及逆向工程的插秧机浮板结构优化及偏差检测应用  

Research on Optimization of Floating Plate Structure and Deviation Detection of Rice Transplanter Based on 3D Scanning and Reverse Engineering

作　　者：姜宽舒 于泓[1] 宋元山 孟德伟 丁皓 何成勇 JIANG Kuanshu;YU Hong;SONG Yuanshan;MENG Dewei;DING Hao;HE Chengyong(Jiangsu Vocational College Agriculture and Forestry,Jurong 212400,China;Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农林职业技术学院,江苏句容212400 [2]江苏大学,江苏镇江212000

出　　处：《农机使用与维修》2024年第4期1-7,11,共8页Agricultural Machinery Using & Maintenance

基　　金：江苏农林职业技术学院科技项目(2021kj65);江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202113103022Y)(202113103082Y);江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队资助。

摘　　要：为有效缩短农机产品的设计研发生产周期、减少产品开发技术费用、提升偏差检测精度,该文将逆向三维建模技术应用到农业领域。基于三维激光扫描和逆向工程技术,在分析定位和扫描原理的基础上,使用结构光三维扫描仪对插秧机浮板进行激光扫描,获取插秧机浮板的结构点云数据。通过点云处理软件Geomagic Wrap和逆向工程软件Geomagic Design X对插秧机浮板进行逆向建模,并将逆向建模的插秧机浮板实体和三维扫描设备采集的原始点云数据进行最佳拟合状态下的体偏差检测,校核逆向建模的精度和尺寸偏差离散性。通过3D和2D的偏差检测云图显示,插秧机浮板逆向建模的平均偏差为-0.1304~0.0486 mm,标准偏差为0.1469 mm。尺寸偏差大部分处于-0.1~0.1 mm之间,逆向建模精度符合要求。同时对插秧机浮板进行逆向结构优化设计,使优化后的插秧机浮板结构强度更加稳定,吹塑成型及开模制造工艺更加科学合理,适应更多工作环境需求。为实现农业机械零件逆向优化设计建模和快速精确偏差检测提供了理论和实践参考。In order to effectively shorten the design,research and development production cycle of agricultural machinery products,reduce product development technology costs,and improve deviation detection accuracy,this article applies reverse 3D modeling technology to the agricultural field.Based on 3D scanning and reverse engineering technology,and analyzing the principles of positioning and scanning,a structured light 3D scanner is used to laser scan the floating plate of the transplanting machine,obtaining the structural point cloud data of the floating plate of the transplanting machine.Using point cloud processing software Geomagic Wrap and reverse engineering software Geomagic Design X,the floating plate of the transplanting machine was reverse modeled.The solid body of the reverse modeled floating plate and the original point cloud data collected by the 3D scanning equipment were subjected to volume deviation detection in the best fit state,and the accuracy and size deviation discreteness of the reverse modeling were verified.According to the 3D and 2D deviation detection cloud images,the average deviation of the reverse modeling of the floating plate of the transplanting machine is-0.1304~0.0486 mm,and the standard deviation is 0.1469 mm.The size deviation is mostly between-0.1~0.1 mm,and the reverse modeling accuracy meets the requirements.At the same time,reverse structural optimization design is carried out on the floating plate of the rice transplanter to make the optimized floating plate structure more stable in strength,blow molding and mold opening manufacturing processes more scientific and reasonable,and to adapt to more working environment requirements.This provides theoretical and practical references for the reverse optimization design modeling and rapid and accurate deviation detection of agricultural machinery components.

关 键 词：三维扫描 逆向工程 插秧机浮板 偏差检测 结构优化 

分 类 号：S969.3[农业科学—水产养殖]