混合蒸发气动力下液化天然气海运航线配船优化  

Fleet Deployment and Voyage Planning Optimization for Liquefied Natural Gas Shipping Under Power of Mixed Boil Off Gas

作　　者：赵瑞嘉 孙宇轩 牛东翔 谢新连 ZHAO Ruijia;SUN Yuxuan;NIU Dongxiang;XIE Xinian(Integrated Transport Institute,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China;Guangdong Dapeng LNG Co Ltd,Shenzhen 518048,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学,综合运输研究所,辽宁大连116026 [2]广东大鹏液化天然气有限公司,广东深圳518048

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2024年第2期304-312,共9页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72204035)。

摘　　要：液化天然气运输船舶在航行过程中,可利用其装载货物的自然蒸发气与强制蒸发气作为船舶动力燃料。根据这一实际情况,提出混合蒸发气动力模式下液化天然气海运航线配船优化方法。通过构建船舶航速、蒸发气消耗量及航次交付量之间的关联函数,权衡液化天然气强制蒸发量与航次成本间的反馈关系。考虑自有船和定期租船、航次运输时间、蒸发损失等因素,以液化天然气船队年运营成本最低为目标,设计混合蒸发气管理策略,建立液化天然气海上运输航线配船与航速联合优化模型。根据模型特点,将遗传算法与优化软件相结合,提出基于模型分解的嵌套求解算法。最后,以航运企业实际运营数据为背景开展案例分析,计算结果表明,采用混合蒸发气管理策略可使航运企业运营成本降低7.13%,船队闲置率降低4.8%。敏感性分析结果表明,随液化天然气现货价的增高,采用混合蒸发气管理策略调整强制蒸发气用量对企业运营成本的降低效果更加显著。Liquefied natural gas ships can use the natural and forced boil off gas from their laden cargo as the propulsion power during navigation.This paper proposes an optimization method of fleet deployment and voyage planning for liquefied natural gas shipping powered by mixed boil off gas.A correlation function between liquefied natural gas ship speed,consumption volumes of boil off gas,and volumes of voyage delivery is constructed to balance the relationship between forced boil off gas of liquefied natural gas and voyage costs.Considering factors of owning and chartering ships,voyage transportation time,and boil off losses,this paper develops a management strategy of mixed boil off gas,and a joint optimization model for fleet deployment,voyage planning and speed of liquefied natural gas shipping is formulated with the goal of minimizing the annual operating cost of liquefied natural gas shipping companies.A nested solution algorithm based on model decomposition is proposed by combining genetic algorithm with optimization software.Using the actual operational data of liquefied natural gas shipping companies as a case study,this paper verified that the management strategy of mixed boil off gas can effectively reduce the operating cost by 7.13%and ship idle rate by 4.8%.The sensitivity analysis results indicate that as the spot price of liquefied natural gas increases,the management strategy of mixed boil off gas to adjust volumes of forced boil off gas has a more significant effect on reducing operating costs for shipping companies.

关 键 词：水路运输 航线配船 联合优化 液化天然气 蒸发气管理 

分 类 号：U692[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]