秦巴山区地质灾害危险性评价研究——以汉中市为例  

Study on the risk assessment of geological disasters in Qinba mountain area—A case study of Hanzhong city

作　　者：杜建括 李双 王淑新[1] 邢海虹[1] DU Jiankuo;LI Shuang;WANG Shuxin;XING Haihong(School of Chinese Language,Literature and History,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学人文学院,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《陕西理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期86-94,共9页Journal of Shaanxi University of Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：陕西省教育厅重点科研计划项目(21JT005);陕西理工大学人才启动项目(SLGKYQD2-31)。

摘　　要：我国秦巴地区地质灾害多发,为了探索该区域地质灾害危险性分布特征,以汉中市为研究区,根据区内生态地质环境特点,选取海拔、坡度、岩土类型、距断层距离、距河流距离、距道路距离、年降水量、归一化植被指数、土地利用类型等9项因子构建地质灾害危险性评价指标体系。利用层次分析法和主成分分析法求得各评价指标的组合权重,在ArcGIS空间分析软件中将评价因子信息量值乘以指标的组合权重,再进行叠加分级处理,得到了研究区地质灾害危险性分区评价结果。结果表明:(1)根据信息量值和叠加分析得出断裂构造是研究区地质灾害发生的主控因子,且在临近河流、道路的区域极易发生地质灾害。(2)汉中市地质灾害极高、高危险区占全区面积的39.34%,主要横贯研究区中部;中危险区在境内分布相对零散,呈“大分散小集中”的特点,其中在汉中盆地地带较为集中;低、极低危险区占总面积的35.26%,主要位于研究区的北部和南部。In an attempt to explore the distribution characteristics of geological disasters in Qinba mountain area where geological disasters happen frequently,this paper chooses Hanzhong city as the research area.According to the characteristics of eco-geological environment of Hanzhong city.nine impact factors,including elevation,slope,lithology,distance to fault structural belt,distance to river,distance to road,precipitation,normalized difference vegetation index and land use type,were selected as the risk assessment indexes of geological disaster.The combination weight was synthesized by analytic hierarchy process and principal components analysis,and the information value of each index was multiplied by the combination weight,and then the evaluation factor raster layers were overlaid and graded in ArcGIS spatial analysis platform to evaluate the risking zoning of geological disasters in Hanzhong city.The results show that:(1)according to information value and superposition analysis,the fault structure is the main controlling factor that induces geological disasters,and geological disasters are highly prone to occur in areas adjacent to rivers or roads.(2)the extremely high and high risk areas in the study area,accounting for about 39.34%of the total area,was concentrated in the central part of the study area;the medium-risk areas moderated risk areas are relatively scattered,characterized by the distribution characteristic of“Large dispersion and small concentration”and the relative concentrated district was mainly distributed in Hanzhong Basin;the extremely low and low risk areas in the study area,accounting for about 35.26%of the total area,was concentrated in the northern part and southern part of the study area.

关 键 词：地质灾害 危险性评价 信息量模型 层次分析法 主成分分析法 汉中市 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]