新疆伊犁野生杏种仁矿质元素及氨基酸含量分析  

Analysis of the contents of mineral elements and amino acids in wild apricot kernels from Ili Region of Xinjiang

作　　者：罗晓雨 韩爱芝 丁杰 李佳龙 郭玲[1,2] LUO Xiaoyu;HAN Aizhi;DING Jie;LI Jiaong;GUO Ling(College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Facility Agriculture,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;Instrumental Analysis Center of Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinji-ang,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]南疆设施农业兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学分析测试中心,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第4期638-650,共13页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000600);国家自然科学基金项目(32160694,31760560);南疆园艺研究中心科研条件项目(TDZKKY202204)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过对新疆野生杏仁中矿质元素和氨基酸组成及含量的分析,筛选具有高营养价值的杏仁资源。【方法】以新疆伊犁新源县杏花沟的30份野生杏种质种仁为试验材料,分析测定8种矿质元素含量及17种氨基酸含量指标,采用变异性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析,并对杏仁营养成分进行综合评价。【结果】测定的8种矿质元素含量的变异系数在7.78%~22.12%之间,平均含量由高到低依次为钾>镁>钙>钠>锌>铁>铜>锰。锌含量与铁、总氨基酸含量均呈极显著正相关。利用主成分分析得到贡献率较高的4个主成分,累积方差贡献率为83.171%。17种氨基酸含量的变异系数在18.37%~50.16%。氨基酸平均含量最高的是谷氨酸(6.62%),组氨酸最低(0.03%);氨基酸比值系数分(SRCAA)在51.59~73.04之间。【结论】新疆伊犁野杏仁中含有丰富的矿质元素及氨基酸,且不同种质间成分含量均体现出一定的变异性。所选30份材料中,T02(E 83°26'45'',N 43°32'31'')、T14(E 83°26'12'',N 43°32'19'')、T19(E 83°26'07'',N 43°32'36'')、T20(E 83°26'10'',N 43°32'34'')4份材料可作为较优良杏仁种质资源加以深度研究并利用。【Objective】Xinjiang wild apricot(Prunus armeniaca L.)is widely distributed in the Ili Val-ley,north of Tianshan Mountain.It is highly productive and plays an important role in cultivation and evolutionary origins.However,it is rarely utilized.It has been experimentally shown that the size of fruits and seeds decreases with increasing altitude in wild apricot populations.In addition to this,Huang Xue analyzed the wild apricot in terms of its amygdalin content,which averaged 31.32 mg·g-1.Howev-er,in addition to the presence of amygdalin,the apricot kernel is also rich in unexplored nutrients.For example,mineral elements and amino acids are important components that help the human body to me-tabolize and grow better.However,the analysis of mineral nutrients and amino acids in wild apricot ker-nel is still unclear,hindering the evaluation and utilization of wild apricot kernel resources.The aim of this study was to analyze the mineral and amino acid compositions of wild apricot kernel.The data pro-vided in this study can screen out apricot resources with high nutritional value.It provides theoretical reference for the development and utilization of wild apricot germplasm resources in Xinjiang.【Meth-ods】The materials for this experiment were selected from 30 different types of wild apricot trees in Xin-jiang with similar age and tree vigor,consistent soil type and uniform distribution.The mineral composi-tion and content of apricot kernels were investigated by the atomic absorption spectroscopy and atomic emission spectroscopy method.The amino acid composition and content of apricot kernels were investi-gated by the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The nutrient composition of the experi-mental materials was determined by systematic description,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and comprehensive evaluation of nutrient composition.These data were organized by Excel,correlation graphing was performed by Origin 2021,and principal component analysis and comprehen-sive analysis were cond

关 键 词：杏仁 矿质元素 氨基酸 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]