组合式仿枫树子飞行器与空中分体技术  

Combinable samara aircraft and controlled separation technique

作　　者：童晟翔 史志伟[1] 耿玺[1] 王力爽 孙志坤 陈其昌 Shengxiang TONG;Zhiwei SHI;Xi GENG;Lishuang WANG;Zhikun SUN;Qichang CHEN(College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空宇航学院,南京210016

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第6期74-89,共16页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

摘　　要：仿枫树子飞行器是一种模仿自然界枫树种子飞行原理的仿生飞行器。为提升仿枫树子飞行器的任务执行能力,设计了一种组合式仿枫树子飞行器,组合体可2、3或6个单体飞行器通过组合箱组合而成,具有地面快速拆装和空中受控分体的能力。基于叶素-动量理论完成了单体飞行器和组合体飞行器的气动建模,分析发现组合体飞行器的飞行效率相比单体飞行器提升了13.3%;完成了飞行器动力学建模和外环控制律设计,并通过六自由度飞行仿真对飞行器的典型飞行状态、空中分体过程进行了研究,结果表明飞行器具备可控飞行和空中稳定分体的能力;在实际飞行试验中,成功实现了三机组合体的空中分体。组合式设计与空中分体技术,使飞行器具备了高飞行效率和无人机集群的双重优势。Samara aircraft is a biology-inspired aircraft based on the samara.To improve the capability of the task execution of the samara aircraft,a combinable samara aircraft is designed.The combinatorial aircraft can be composed of two,three or six individual single samara aircraft through a combination box,and has the abilities of rapid assembly on the ground and controlled separation in the air.Based on the blade-element momentum theory,the aerodynamic model of single aircraft and combinatorial aircraft is established.It is found that the flight efficiency of combinatorial aircraft is 13.3% higher than that of single aircraft.Then,the flight dynamics model and the outer loop control law for the aircraft are completed.Through six degrees of freedom flight simulation,the typical flight state of the aircraft and the process of controlled separation in the air are studied,which shows that the aircraft has the abilities of controlled flight and stable separation in the air.Finally,in the actual test flight,the controlled separation of the 3-combined aircraft is successfully realized.The design of the combinatorial aircraft and the technique of controlled separation make the aircraft obtain the dual advantages of high flight efficiency and UAV cluster.

关 键 词：可分体飞行器 气动构型 飞行仿真 气动建模 飞行试验 

分 类 号：V278[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]