基于利益相关者理论的元江县原生稻保护案例分析  

Case Study on Indigenous Rice Germplasm Conservation in Yuanjiang,China,based on Stakeholder Theory

作　　者：闻艺 刘莹[1] 徐继伟 孙蓉[1] 王华斌 刘青松 王海 徐锐[1] 鲁艺[1] WEN Yi;LIU Ying;XU Jiwei;SUN Rong;WANG Huabin;LIU Qingsong;WANG Hai;XU Rui;LU Yi(Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Planning and Construction and Environmental Protection Center of Hualian Town,Ershan Yi Autonomous County,Yuxi,Yunnan 653200,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学,昆明650500 [2]峨山彝族自治县化念镇规划建设和环境保护中心,云南玉溪653200

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2024年第2期258-266,共9页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of The People’s Republic of China,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),Global Environment Facility(GEF),Jointly Funded Project(GRFA-2021-11)。

摘　　要：能在较高海拔生长的原生稻蕴藏优质基因和遗传特性,但近年来受到杂交稻和普通水稻普遍推广的挤压,其分布状况堪忧,因此无论从种质资源保护角度还是从经济价值角度对原生稻开展保护均具有重要意义。文章引入利益相关者理论,借助包含地方政府、企业或合作社、农户的三方演化博弈模型开展分析,对元江县开展原生稻保护工作提出建议,并为其他地区农作物品种生物多样性和粮农遗传资源保护与可持续利用提供参考。研究结果表明,短期内原生稻的保护亟需地方政府的鼓励支持、宣传引导。政府对企业和农户的补贴力度和收购、种植原生稻的积极性之间有密切关系。政府对企业补贴系数较小时,企业存在趋向“不收购”;政府对企业的补贴系数越高,企业达到演化稳定状态的速度越快,而政府与农户达到演化稳定状态的速度反而减慢。政府对农户的补贴系数越大,农户、企业与合作社达到演化稳定状态的速度越快,政府达到演化稳定状态的速度反而减慢;政府对农户的补贴系数较大时可能会产生农户趋向“不种植”、政府趋向“不鼓励”的情况。因此,政府在决策过程中要仔细权衡给予企业、合作社和农户的补贴,并结合地方财政状况和原生稻恢复种植、原位保护的现状。Indigenous rice,which can grow at higher altitudes,contains unique genes and genetic characteristics,but its future survival is uncertain.The conservation of indigenous rice is of great significance from the perspectives of both germplasm resource conservation and economic value.This paper puts forward suggestions for indigenous rice conservation in Yuanjiang County based on the stakeholder theory and the results of the three-party evolutionary game model involving the local government,enterprises or cooperatives,and farmers.This paper also provides references for the conservation and sustainable utilization of agricultural biodiversity and genetic resources in other crops.The results of the three-party evolutionary game model showed that in the short term,the protection of indigenous rice is in urgent need of encouragement and guidance from governments.This study found a close relationship between subsidies from the government and enthusiasm for buying and planting indigenous rice among enterprises as well as farmers.When the coefficient of governmental subsidy was low,enterprises tended to“not purchase”.On the contrary,when the coefficient of governmental subsidy was higher,the enterprises reached an evolutionary stable state faster,but the government reached the evolutionary stable state more slowly.When the coefficient of governmental subsidy to farmers was large,farmers tended to“do not plant”and the government tended to“do not encourage”.Therefore,the government should carefully weigh the subsidies,and take into account the local financial situation and the status quo of the restoration of indigenous rice planting as well as in-situ protection.

关 键 词：原生稻 品种保护 利益相关者理论 可持续农业 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济] S511[农业科学—作物学]