高锰钢研究进展:成分、组织和性能调控  

A review on high manganese steels:Control of chemical composition,microstructure and properties

作　　者：张福成 陈晨[2,3] 刘帅[1] 张朋 杨志南 ZHANG Fucheng;CHEN Chen;LIU Shuai;ZHANG Peng;YANG Zhinan(College of Metallurgy and Energy,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China;State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,Hebei,China;National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Rolled Strip,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北唐山063210 [2]燕山大学亚稳材料制备技术与科学国家重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004 [3]燕山大学国家冷轧板带装备及工艺工程技术研究中心,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《钢铁》2024年第3期1-18,78,共19页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52201143,52171049);河北省高等学校科学技术研究资助项目(BJK2023033)。

摘　　要：自从1882年Hadfield高锰钢问世以来,吸引了国内外众多科研人员在高锰钢成分设计、组织调控、生产工艺及应用开发等方面做了大量研究工作,使这个具有百年历史钢种的应用领域从最初的耐磨钢领域,逐渐拓展到无磁钢、汽车钢、腐蚀及低温环境用钢,甚至功能材料领域,形成了多个关键钢铁材料品种,成为特种钢领域最典型、应用领域最广的钢种系列,极大地丰富了钢铁材料世界。这些高锰钢品种的研发、制造及应用,对推动钢铁制造技术创新及下游行业发展起到了极其重要的作用。介绍了高锰钢的起源和发展,重点梳理了典型应用领域中使用的高锰耐磨钢、高锰汽车钢、高锰低温钢、高锰无磁钢以及高锰阻尼合金的化学成分、微观组织及性能研究进展,并对这几类高锰钢微观组织和性能的调控方法及效果进行了较为详细的总结和举例说明。虽然高锰含量保证了高锰钢获得特殊的微观组织、力学和物理特性,但同时也导致了其在生产制造中面临连铸漏钢、焊接接头性能不稳定、扩孔性能不足等系列共性技术难题,这在一定程度上限制了高锰钢的推广和应用。通过统计当前不同类型高锰钢的碳-锰含量和微观组织特征,指明了新型高锰钢的化学成分设计思路,并探讨了未来高锰钢在理论研究和应用领域的主要发展方向。Since the invention of Hadfield high manganese steel in 1882,researchers from all over the world have been attracted to do plenty of research works about the design of chemical composition,control of microstructure,development of production process and application,and others.Up to now,the application field of the specific steel with a history of 100 years has expanded from the wear-resistant steels to automotive steels,steels for corrosion and low-temperature environment,and even functional material.Several key steel products have been developed,which became the most typical and widely used steel series in the special steel field,and greatly enriched the steel world.The research,manufacturing,and application of these high manganese steels are of great significance for promoting the innovation in steel manufacturing technology and the development of downstream industries.Herein,the origin and development of high manganese steels are introduced.The research progress on chemical compositions,microstructures and properties of high manganese wear-resistant steel,automotive steel,cryogenic steel,nonmagnetic steel and damping alloy that used in typical application fields are emphatically reviewed.The control methods of microstructure and properties of these steels and the corresponding benefits are summarized and illustrated with examples in detail.It is pointed that the high content of manganese ensures the specific microstructure,mechanical and physical properties of high manganese steel,but also causes common problems of breakout in continuous casting process,unstable performance of welded joints,and insufficient expansion performance involved in the actual production,which limits the application of high manganese steel to some extent.An idea of chemical composition design for novel high manganese steel is proposed by analyzing the carbon and manganese contents and microstructure characteristics of the current high manganese steels.The future trends of high manganese steel in the field of theoretical research and app

关 键 词：高锰钢 化学成分 微观组织 性能 研究进展 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]