可持续发展实验区石漠化时空演变及其驱动机制研究——以广西恭城县为例  

Study on spatiotemporal evolution of rocky desertification in the pilot zone for sustainable development:A case study of Gongcheng county

作　　者：涂纯 罗为群[1,2,3] 蒋忠诚 刘绍华[1,2,3] 胡兆鑫 汤庆佳[1,2,3] 吴泽燕 张标[1] TU Chun;LUO Weiqun;JIANG Zhongcheng;LIU Shaohua;HU Zhaoxin;TANG Qingjia;WU Zeyan;ZHANG Biao(Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,MNR&GZAR/Institute of Karst Geology,CAGS,Guangxi 541004,China;Pingguo Guangxi,Karst Ecosystem,National Observation and Research Station,Pingguo,Guangxi 531406,China;Guizhou Transportion Planning Survey&Design Academe Co.Ltd.,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]广西平果喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,广西平果531406 [3]贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第1期114-125,共12页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA20161004-3);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0507504);中国地质调查项目(DD20230453,DD20190502)。

摘　　要：西南喀斯特地区是我国实施可持续发展战略的重要地区,同时也是生态环境极为脆弱、石漠化集中分布的地区,但有关可持续发展实验区石漠化的内在演化机制研究还较少涉及。以广西恭城县国家可持续发展实验区为例,利用2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2021年遥感影像为数据源,采用人机交互解译法进行石漠化信息提取,定量分析了恭城县石漠化的时空演变规律及其成因机制。结果显示,恭城县石漠化主要经历了2000-2005加速恶化、2005-2015年快速改善和2015-2021年缓慢恶化三个阶段,石漠化总面积在88.96~229.55 km^(2);2000-2005年,恭城县石漠化表现为无石漠化向轻度和中度石漠化转移,2005-2021年呈逆向改善。西岭镇、莲花镇、平安镇是石漠化发生的主要地区,占全县石漠化总面积的55.47%~61.31%。灰岩区发生的石漠化面积为104.03 km^(2),占石漠化总面积的72.91%;园地内发生的石漠化面积为56.26 km^(2),占比为38.12%。结果表明:灰岩区强烈的岩溶作用,以及长期种植的单一经济果林遭大面积砍伐,是导致近年恭城县石漠化加重的主要原因。The karst area in Southwest China is an important region for the implementation of sustainable development strategies in China,as well as an area with extremely fragile ecological environment and concentrated distribution of rocky desertification.As a"National Pilot Zone for Sustainable Development"and"National Pilot Demonstration Zone for the Innovative Sustainable Development Agenda",Gongcheng Yao autonomous county of Guangxi is an important demonstration area for the coordinated development of karst landscape resource conservation and special ecological agriculture.Therefore,exploring the spatiotemporal evolution and the driving mechanism of rocky desertification in this area can provide an important scientific basis for the comprehensive management of rocky desertification,and the protection and restoration of karst ecosystem in China's pilot zones for sustainable development.Based on remote sensing images of Landsat series satellite from 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2021,this study extracted information on rocky desertification by the interpretation of human-computer interaction,and quantitatively analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution law of rocky desertification in Gongcheng county.Meanwhile,by combining data of carbonate rock and land use,this study revealed the inherent driving mechanisms of geological conditions and land use changes about the evolution of rocky desertification in Gongcheng county.The study results show that the rocky desertification in Gongcheng county experienced three stages:accelerated deterioration from 2000 to 2005,rapid improvement from 2005 to 2015 and slow deterioration from 2015 to 2021.The total area of rocky desertification ranged from 88.96-229.55 km^(2).From 2000 to 2005,the rocky desertification in Gongcheng county shifted from no rocky desertification to mild and intermediate rock desertification,and reversely,it showed improvement from 2005 to 2021.The rocky desertification presented a spatial pattern of development from north to south in Gongcheng county.Xiling town,Lianhua t

关 键 词：恭城县 石漠化 时空演变格局 不同岩性 不同土地利用类型 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F124.5[经济管理—世界经济]