中国西南及陕西秦巴地区岩溶石漠化研究进展  

Research progress on karst rocky desertification in Southwest China and the Qinba region of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：贺凯凯 陈清敏 成星 杨治国[1] 韩静 曹江涛 艾昊 张文硕 HE Kaikai;CHEN Qingmin;CHENG Xing;YANG Zhiguo;HAN Jing;CAO Jiangtao;AI Hao;ZHANG Wenshuo(Shaanxi Experimental Center of Geological Survey,Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710065,China;Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Hazards Mechanism and Control,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Postdoctoral Research Station of Shaanxi Geological Survey Institute,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Qinba Research Branch of China Society of Natural Resources,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Natural Resources Shaanxi Satellite Application Technology Center,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710002,China;State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment.CAS,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710061,China;Ecological Environmental Damage Identification and Assessment Center,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省地质调查院,陕西省地质调查实验中心,陕西西安710065 [2]自然资源部矿山地质灾害成灾机理与防控重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]陕西省地质调查院博士后科研工作站,陕西西安710054 [4]中国自然资源学会秦巴研究分会,陕西西安7100542 [5]自然资源陕西省卫星应用技术中心,陕西西安7100023 [6]中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西西安710061 [7]生态环境损害鉴定评估中心,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第1期147-162,共16页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：陕西省公益性地质调查项目(202008,202310);黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金课题(SKLLQG2209);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划-青年项目(2023-JC-QN-0298);陕西省科协青年人才托举计划项目(20230538);2022年省级生态环保及应急管理专项项目(202312);陕西省重点研发计划一般项目-社会发展领域(2024SF-YBXM-561)。

摘　　要：石漠化危害着生态环境健康和社会经济发展,经过20多年的综合治理,中国西南地区石漠化面积呈减少的趋势,国家也将西南八省、区、直辖市设定为石漠化监测区域;而在陕西秦巴地区岩溶地质遗迹的研究中已发现石漠化发育的迹象,这对秦巴地区的生态安全造成威胁。文章总结西南地区岩溶石漠化的内涵、现状、危害、成因和治理经验,为开展非监测区--陕西秦巴地区岩溶石漠化的调查工作提供理论依据。通过遥感解译、无人机遥感调查和碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率分析,首次查明了陕西秦巴地区石漠化的发育情况,填补了该区域石漠化研究的空白。Southwest China is one of the three largest continuous karst clusters in the world;therefore,studies on karst rocky desertification in this area are very important.For more than 20 years'control,the decreasing area and risk of karst rocky desertification has contributed to the continuous ecological improvement.Nowadays,studies on rocky desertification mainly focus on the eight provinces in Southwest China,which have been designated as rocky desertification monitoring areas by the Chinese government.After the first phase of the comprehensive control project for karst rocky desertification in 2016,the expansion trend of rocky desertification in the southwest region was effectively curbed.Subsequent articles published tend to focus on analyzing the current situation,comprehensive management,or species adaptability of rocky desertification monitoring areas.However,the Qinba region in Shaanxi Province is located outside the monitoring area.In the process of studying the karst geological relics of the Zhenba Sanyuan Tiankeng Group,signs of rocky desertification have been found,but there still exists a research gap in the investigation and research on karst rocky desertification in this area which is one of the areas with the richest biodiversity in China,known as"ecological lung","central water tower"and"biological gene bank".Unfortunately,this area is burdened with poverty,so the investigation and study of karst rocky desertification in the Qinba region of Shaanxi Province is of great significance to ensure green and high-quality development and ecological civilization construction.In this paper,by analyzing the current situation of karst rocky desertification in Southwest China,we summarized its harm to the ecological environment and social economy,clarify natural and human factors resulting in rocky desertification,and integrate the typical treatment experience in Southwest China.We also introduce three technical methods,including remote sensing interpretation,UAV remote sensing survey and analysis of carbonate diss

关 键 词：岩溶石漠化 现状 危害 成因 治理经验 陕西秦巴地区 

分 类 号：P931.5[天文地球—自然地理学] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]