环境案件跨区管辖制度的理论基础与可行性路径  

The Theoretical Basis and Feasible Path of the Cross-regional Jurisdiction System for Environmental Cases

作　　者：张旭东[1] 刘江煌 ZHANG Xu-dong;LIU Jiang-huang(law school of Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学法学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期74-86,共13页Journal of North China Electric Power University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“民法典视域下生态环境损害及其诉讼制度研究”(21BFX137);福建省社会科学规划基金项目一般项目“环境公私益交织纠纷案件审理程序研究”(FJ2020B019)。

摘　　要：当前环境案件跨区管辖制度改革并不彻底,限于被动回应型逻辑的改革举措存在着顾此失彼等诸多问题,因此进一步深化改革必须破除对策式思维、强调管辖制度自身的内在规律。从管辖制度的本质出发,英美法系国家提出的实际控制理论是管辖权分配的基本原理,具有普适性。借助这一理论工具分析各地环境案件跨区管辖模式,可知当前改革所面临诸多问题的根源都在于环境跨区管辖权未能实现对环境要素的实际控制以及缺乏权源基础。从实际控制理论出发,结合我国管辖制度以及环境司法审判资源等具体实际,环境案件跨区管辖制度的进一步完善应当坚持以生态功能区为标准划分环境案件司法辖区,分别以一般性地方法院与专门环境法院实现对省域内、跨省环境案件的跨区管辖。At present,the reform of the cross-regional jurisdiction system for environmental cases is not complete,and the reform measures limited to passive response logic have many problems such as taking care of one another and neglecting the other.Therefore,to further deepen the reform,we must break the countermeasure thinking and emphasize the inherent laws of the jurisdiction system itself.Starting from the essence of the jurisdiction system,the actual control theory put forward by the common law countries is the basic principle of jurisdiction distribution and its universality.Using this theoretical tool to analyze the crossregional jurisdiction mode of environmental cases in various places,it can be seen that the root of many problems faced by the current reform lies in the fact that environmental cross-regional jurisdiction fails to realize the actual control of environmental elements and lacks the basis of power sources.Starting from the actual control theory,combined with China's jurisdiction system and environmental judicial resources and other specific circumstances,further improvement of the cross-regional jurisdiction system for environmental cases should adhere to the standard of ecological function areas to divide environmental cases.The environmental court has achieved cross-regional jurisdiction over environmental cases within and across provinces.

关 键 词：环境资源案件 跨区划管辖 实际控制理论 实现性路径 

分 类 号：D915.1[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.68[政治法律—法学]