基于反电动势的地铁牵引电机电流传感器故障检测与容错控制  

Fault detection and fault tolerance control of subway traction motor current sensor based on counter electromotive force

作　　者：冯秋峰 李小波[1] 张煜 Feng Qiufeng;Li Xiaobo;Zhang Yu(School of Urban Rail Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Metro Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620 [2]上海地铁电子科技有限公司,上海200233

出　　处：《国外电子测量技术》2024年第3期138-144,共7页Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51907117)项目资助。

摘　　要：针对地铁列车牵引系统电流传感器发生故障时给列车运行带来重大安全风险这一问题,提出了一种新型的故障监测与容错控制算法。首先,利用三相异步电机的静态数学模型结合转子磁链与反电动势的特定关系设计了电流滑模观测器。然后,将电流传感器的测量值与滑模观测器中的估计值进行比对并生成电流残差,通过修正的Bayes分类算法对电流传感器工作状态进行实时监测与定位。当故障发生时用观测器中的电流重构值代替故障值参与系统的控制。最后,利用仿真平台MATLAB/Simulink对其有效性进行验证并与另外3种典型的控制算法进行对比分析。研究结果表明,方案具有较高的精度和较强的鲁棒性,在对三相电流重构方面优于对比方案,其系统综合误差减小了24.2%,具有更好的控制效果。Aiming at the problem of the major safety risks for the train operation caused by the fault of the current sensor in the subway train traction system,a new fault monitoring and tolerant control algorithm was proposed.Firstly,a current sliding mode observer was designed by using the static mathematical mode of the three-phase asynchronous motor and the specific relationship combined the rotor flux and the counter electromotive force of the motor.Secondly,the current residual was generated by comparing the measured value of the current sensor with the current estimation in the current sliding mode observer,and the working state of the current sensor was monitored and located by the modified Bayes classification algorithm in real time.When the fault occurred,the system was controlled by the current reconstruction value instead of the fault value in the original current sensor.Finally,the feasibility of the scheme was verified by the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform,which was compared with other three typical fault-tolerant control algorithms.The research results show that the scheme has higher accuracy and stronger robustness,which is based on the counter electromotive theory of the three-phase asynchronous motor.In terms of three-phase current reconstruction,the comprehensive error is reduced by 24.2%,which has better control effect.

关 键 词：反电动势 滑模观测器 BAYES算法 容错控制 电流传感器故障 

分 类 号：TP206.3[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] V241.7[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]