重载组合列车空电联合制动施加时机匹配策略研究  

Study on Timing Matching Strategy of Air-electric Combined Braking for Heavy-haul Combined Trains

作　　者：刘文胜 刘博阳 魏伟[2] LIU Wensheng;LIU Boyang;WEI Wei(CRRC Taiyuan Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030027,China;Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]中车太原机车车辆有限公司,山西太原030027 [2]大连交通大学,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第2期123-130,共8页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：重载列车在长大下坡道运行时需采用空气制动和机车电制动配合使用的空电联合制动模式,以保证列车有足够大的制动力,从而避免加速过快。因重载列车质量大,且该制动方式有可能造成车钩力叠加,导致产生更大的纵向冲动,严重时会威胁列车运行安全。加之重载组合列车为分布动力模式,从控机车作为空气制动信号传播源和动力制动源之一,导致其相较单编列车受力更为复杂。文章基于空气流动理论和多刚体动力学原理,建立了万t和2万t重载组合列车仿真模型,分析了空电联合制动施加时机匹配策略对纵向冲动的影响,并提出了可减小纵向冲动的施加策略。结果表明,通过调整空气制动和电制动的配合施加时机,可避免空气制动以及电制动产生的压钩力峰值叠加,或使空气制动产生的拉钩力抵消电制动产生的部分压钩力,有效降低列车的车钩力水平,为重载组合列车优化制动策略提供了理论依据和数据支撑。Heavy-haul trains need to adopt air-electric combined braking mode when running on long ramps where air brakes and locomotive electric brakes are used in conjunction to ensure that the train has a sufficiently large braking force so as to avoid accelerating too fast.The mass of the heavy-haul train is very large and the braking method may cause the superposition of the coupler force,which will lead to a greater longitudinal impulse,and even threaten the safety of train operation in serious cases.In addition,the heavy-haul combined train adopts the distributed power mode,and the slave control locomotive acts as one of the air brake signal propagation sources and power braking sources,which leads to a more complicated force compared with the single-unit train.Based on the air flow theory and the principle of multi-rigid body dynamics,the article establishes the simulation model of 10,000 t and 20,000 t heavy-haul combined trains,analyzes the influence of the timing matching strategy of the application of air-electric combined braking mode on the longitudinal impulse,and proposes the application strategy that can reduce the longitudinal impulse.The results show that by adjusting the application timing of air brake and electric brake together,the superposition of the pressure coupler force generated by air brake and electric brake can be avoided,or the pulling coupler force generated by air brake can offset part of the compressive coupler force generated by electric brake to effectively reduce the coupler force of the train,thus providing theoretical basis and data support for the optimization of braking strategy of heavy-haul combined trains.

关 键 词：重载组合列车 电制动 空气制动 联合制动 施加时机 

分 类 号：U270.35[机械工程—车辆工程]